Inferno

ContentsInferno Help WelcomeDisclaimerUsing the HelpWhat's NewNew Feature OverviewWhat’s New in General3D LUT ListLUT EditorPlayerResizeColour SourceAutosaveWhat’s New in Importing and Exporting MediaImporting and Soft-Importing MXF Media FilesImporting and Exporting QuickTime Media FilesQuickTime Soft-ImportImproved FCP Recapture WorkflowNew Configurable QuickTime Codec ProfilesExporting OMF FilesImporting and Exporting Broadcast Wave and MP3 Audio FilesExporting MP3 Audio FilesUser Interface ChangesJPEG Performance ImprovementProcess FunctionsWhat’s New in BatchWhat’s New in Batch FXWhat’s New in Batch NodesAuto Stabilize NodeGlow NodeRGB Blur NodeBatch DurationBatch Frame ProcessingWhat’s New in EditingSoft EffectsEnabling Lights in the Axis EditorDissolves and WipesWhat’s New in EffectsDifference Module and NodeNegative Module and NodeProcessing Colour FramesDistort Open SplinesWhat’s New in ActionFloating Point SupportNew Surface Blending ModeAction Entering OptionsCropping in the Media ListLoading DVE Layer ObjectsPriority Editor for DVE Layer ObjectsCamera Menu Update3D Camera Tracking ImprovementsGarbage Masks as 3D GeometryWhat’s New in Batch PaintWhat’s New in InfrastructureWiretapServer-Side Video Media ConversionSupport for Soft-Importing Streaming Media FilesResolved ‘Mixed’ Format Timeline LimitationAccess to Library and Volume MetadatavicStone and Wire ImprovementsBandwidth ReservationOptimized Standard Filesystem PerformanceMedia Pre-allocationBefore You BeginIntroductionWelcome to InfernoNotation ConventionsRelated DocumentationAccessing Online HelpPDF DocumentationAccessing PDF Documentation from the Product DVDAccessing PDF Documentation from InfernoContacting Customer SupportCompatibilityAbout CompatibilityUpgrade CompatibilityUpgrade Compatibility—ProjectsUpgrade Compatibility—Clip LibrariesUpgrade Compatibility—ArchivesUpgrade Compatibility—UsersBackward CompatibilityBackward Compatibility—ProjectsBackward Compatibility—ArchivesBackward Compatibility—Setups CompatibilitySharing ProjectsSharing Clip LibrariesSharing ClipsSharing SetupsCompatibility with Previous Versions of ProductsCombustion CompatibilityLoading Combustion Setups into ProductsLoading Setups into Combustion3ds Max CompatibilityGetting StartedGetting StartedAbout This ChapterInferno BasicsStarting InfernoAbout the DesktopAccessing Online Help and DocumentationExiting InfernoInputting MediaWorking with EDLsProject and Media ManagementPre-ProcessingEditingEffectsAnimating EffectsBatch ProcessingManaging Your Work EnvironmentFinishing the ProjectThe DesktopAbout the DesktopDesktop LayoutDesktop FilesUsing the PenButtonsBoxesFieldsColour PotsAccessing System MessagesCursorsSelecting Clips to Apply a Desktop CommandSelecting Clips to Load Them into a ModuleUsing the Desktop Module EditorWorking with Clips on the DesktopSetting Display Options for ReelsClip InformationCollapsing and Expanding ClipsScrubbing a ClipScrubbing a ReelGoing to a Frame in a ClipAdding Notes to ClipsLocking and Unlocking ReelsLocking Clips to Prevent ChangesNaming Clips, Reels, and DesktopsNaming ClipsNaming ReelsNaming DesktopsMoving, Copying, and Deleting Clips on the DesktopMoving ClipsCopying ClipsDeleting ClipsDeleting DesktopsUndoing and Redoing OperationsCalculating Values for Numeric FieldsCalculating NumbersCalculating TimecodePicking ColoursPicking Colours by Setting Colour Model Channel ValuesSampling Colours in a ClipSelecting a Colour from the Colour PotsMixing Colours Using the Colour PaletteSearching the DesktopSearching for Clips from the DesktopSearching the Desktop for Matching FramesNavigating the FilesystemBrowsing FilesSetting Browser Display OptionsSelecting and Loading FilesPlayer EssentialsAbout the PlayerPlaying Clips in the PlayerControlling Playback in the PlayerMonitoring the Current LocationChanging the Player's Zoom and Pan SettingsMonitoring Clips with AudioSetting Player Display OptionsSetting Playback Resolution and ModeDisplaying the Fullscreen PlayerSetting the Playback RangePlaying Clips from MemoryChanging the Playback FramerateChanging Playback Scan Mode OptionsSetting Audio and Video Playback Sync3D LUTs in the PlayerModule EssentialsAbout ModulesAccessing ModulesUsing the Desktop Module EditorAccessing Modules with Previous ClipsViewing Clips in the Image WindowControlling Playback in the Image WindowZooming and Panning the Image WindowDisplaying Clip ViewsAccessing the Player from ModulesScrubbing Audio in ModulesSetting Image Window Display OptionsWorking with Grids and GuidesDisplaying the Reference Area3D LUTs in the Image WindowMonitoring RGB Channels IndependentlyMonitoring Full Frames and Dominant FieldsDisplaying Multiple ViewsInputting and Outputting MediaClip Input/Output Using a VTRAbout Clip Input and Output Using a VTRConfiguring Hardware For Clip Input and Output Using a VTRConfiguring Software For Clip Input and Output Using a VTRInputting Clips From a VTRAccessing the Input Clip MenuInput Clip Menu OptionsSelecting a VTR Device For InputNaming Tapes and ClipsSelecting Tracks and Channels to CaptureCapturing Single FramesCapturing Single ClipsOutputting Clips To a VTRAccessing the Output Clip MenuOutput Clip Menu ControlsSelecting a VTR Device For OutputOutputting a Single ClipOutputting Multiple ClipsOutputting Clips With a Letterbox OverlayOutputting Clips in Assemble ModeMonitoring Video During Clip Input and Output OperationsSetting Input and Output In and Out PointsInputting and Outputting a Live Video SignalWorking with Multi-Format Input and OutputAbout Working with Multi-Format Input and OutputInferno Detection of Sync and TimingChanging Resolutions for Clip Input or OutputThings to RememberInputting and Outputting HD MaterialGenerating ProxiesCapturing Proxies OnlyCapturing Material with Variable Frame RateControlling a VTRVerifying the VTR StatusUsing the VTR Transport ControlsAdjusting Audio Gain on Clip OutputSetting Video Input and Output Engineering Menu ControlsInputting and Outputting with HeadroomCapturing 60i Material with 2:3 Pulldown RemovalConfiguring Dual-Serial Link I/O on Linux WorkstationsClip Input/Output Using HSDL DevicesAbout HSDL Input and OutputSetting Up Hardware for HSDL Input and OutputConfiguring Software for HSDL Input and OutputInputting Clips From an HSDL DeviceOutputting Clips To an HSDL DeviceSetting Video Input and Output Engineering Menu OptionsImporting Media FilesAbout Importing Media FilesSupported File FormatsSupported Image File FormatsSupported Audio File FormatsSupported QuickTime File CodecsSupported MXF File CodecsAbout Soft-Import and ProxiesRecognizing Soft-Imported ClipsAbout the Import Image Menu OptionsFile Operations GroupClip Media GroupClip Metadata GroupProcessing GroupFile Attributes GroupLibrary Operations OptionsImporting and Soft-Importing Image FilesImporting DPX File Sequences for Data ConformImporting OpenEXR FilesImporting RGBA FilesImporting Adobe Photoshop FilesImporting and Soft-Importing Video FilesImporting and Soft-Importing in the BackgroundImporting and Soft-Importing Audio FilesDeleting Media Files From the Filesystem Via Import ImageExporting Media FilesAbout Exporting Media FilesSupported File FormatsSupported Image File FormatsSupported Audio File FormatsSupported QuickTime File CodecsAbout the Export Image Menu OptionsFile Operations GroupExport Options GroupQuality GroupResizing GroupDPX Transfer Characteristics GroupProxies GroupExport Video OptionsExporting Image FilesExporting RGBA Image FilesExporting DPX FilesExporting Video FilesWorking with Codec ProfilesExporting Image Files in the BackgroundExporting Audio FilesExporting Media to Cleaner XL for EncodingDeleting Media Files From the Filesystem Via Export ImageUnlinking and Relinking Media and ClipsAbout Unlinking and Relinking Media and ClipsUnlinking Media from Clips in the Clip LibraryReformatting ClipsHandling Clips with Processed EffectsReformatting Unlinked Clips for RecaptureReformatting ExamplesRecapturing MediaRecapturing Media from a VTRReloading Imported FilesLoading Image Files into Video-Based SourcesRelinking Media to ClipsProcessing and PublishingAbout Processing and PublishingTypes of PublishingAbout the Publish ToolPublishing OptionsPublishing a Clip Using the Publish ToolPublishing in the BackgroundManaging the Background Import/Export QueueProcessing Soft Effects and Batch FXProcessing Clips and ProxiesProcessing in ModulesWriting Media to the Framestore Using the Stonifise ToolUsing the Stonifise Tool in the BackgroundConsolidating ClipsCommitting Soft Clips, History, or AudioCompacting ClipsWorking with EDLsAbout EDL FilesAbout EDL FilesSupported EDL FormatsTelecine Log FormatsStandard EDL FormatsEnhanced EDL FormatsAbout DLEDL FilesWorking with EDLsImporting EDLsEditing EDLsCapturing and Importing Media Using EDLsExporting EDLsTimecode and KeycodeImporting EDL FilesAbout Importing EDL FilesAbout the Import EDL MenuOperations GroupAssembly Options MenuPreferences MenuSearch Events MenuRenumber Events Menu2:3 Pulldown Options MenuAbout the Load EDL MenuImporting EDLsImporting EDLs at Non-Native Frame RatesImporting EDLs with Varicam InformationConverting EDLsLoading File-based EDLsLoading ALE FilesLoading FLX, ATN, and TLC FilesLoading EDM FilesSearching EDLsClosing EDLsReopening EDLsCreating and Editing EDL FilesAbout Creating and Editing EDLsAbout EDL Editing CommandsEvents GroupTransitions GroupTitles GroupComments GroupCapture GroupEDL GroupEditing GroupDisplay GroupEDL ViewUndo List ViewTape List ViewCreating an EDLEditing an EDLEditing a Tape NameAudio PatchingEditing TracksEditing Transitions in EDLsEditing TimecodeEditing and Creating TimewarpsCreating and Editing DLEDLsDLEDL StructureUsing DLEDLs ExamplesVideo-only EDLSimple Video and Audio (2 Tracks) EDLSimple Video and Audio (4 Tracks) EDLSimple Video and Audio (2 Tracks - Stereo) EDLSimple Video and Audio (4 Tracks - Stereo) EDLSaving EDLs and Tape ListsCapturing and Importing Media Using EDLsAbout Capturing and Importing Media Using EDL FilesAbout the Auto-Capture MenuCapturing Clips Using an EDLAuto-Capturing an EDLDefining Audio Tracks to be CapturedAudio Track PatchingImporting Files Using an EDLAssembling EDLsAssembling a Single EDLAssembling Multiple EDLsCapturing and Assembling Multiple EDLs into ActsViewing Captured and Assembled MaterialExporting EDLsAbout Generating and Outputting EDLsAbout the Export EDL MenuTrack TableEDL Save Options GroupOutput Options GroupGenerating EDLsOutputting EDLsTimecode and KeycodeAbout Timecode and KeycodeWays that Timecode and Keycode is Preserved or DestroyedDisplaying Timecode and KeycodeDisplaying Timecode and Keycode on Clip ProxiesDisplaying Timecode and Keycode in the PlayerDisplaying Timecode and Keycode in the Clip Information OverlayDisplaying Timecode and Keycode in the TimelineDisplaying Timecode and Keycode in the List ViewAbout the Timecode CalculatorAbout the Keycode CalculatorKeycode SyntaxSupported Film EmulsionsSupported Film GaugesAbout the Change TC/KC/Rate ToolsThe Change Timecode ToolThe Change Keycode ToolThe Change Frame Code Mode ToolChanging TimecodeChanging KeycodeCopying KeycodeChanging Frame Code ModeManually Assigning Timecode and Keycode on ImportRemoving Conflicts Between Clips in Timecode or KeycodeAbout the Burn In MenuBurning-in Clip InformationImporting Final Cut Pro XMLAbout Importing XML from Final Cut ProWorkflowLogging and Capturing from Tape in Final Cut ProExporting Sequences from Final Cut ProImporting Final Cut Pro XMLRelinking to File-based MediaRecapturing Media From TapeOptimizing the Recapture of Footage Referenced in XML FilesConsolidating ClipsRelinking to Already Captured MaterialSupported and Unsupported EffectsFCP to Inferno: DataFCP to Inferno: AnimationFCP to Inferno: MotionFCP to Inferno: Video TransitionsFCP to Inferno: Video FiltersFCP to Inferno: Video GeneratorFCP to Inferno: AudioFCP to Inferno: Composite ModeImporting Subtitle XMLAbout Subtitle XMLWorkflowImporting Subtitle XML FilesAdding Subtitle XML Files to the TimelineWorking with Multiple Subtitle XML Files for Clip VersioningEditing Subtitle XML FilesSubtitle XML SyntaxBasic ElementsTitle ElementsSample CodeImporting AAF FilesAbout Importing Advanced Authoring Format FilesWorkflowPreparing Sequences Cut in Avid for AAF ImportLogging and Capturing from Tape in AvidExporting Sequences from AvidImporting AAF FilesRelinking to File-based MediaRelinking to Files on Different Computers Using WiretapRelinking to File-based Video or Audio MediaOptimizing the Recapture of Footage Referenced in AAF FilesConsolidating Clips in InfernoRelinking to Already Captured MaterialSupported and Unsupported Transitions and EffectsGeneralVideo and Audio TransitionsVideo and Audio EffectsImporting and Exporting OMF FilesAbout OMF FilesOMF Project WorkflowImporting OMF FilesExporting OMF FilesSupported and Unsupported Transitions and EffectsSupported Decisions and TransitionsTransitions TranslationEffects TranslationProject and Media ManagementManaging Projects and UsersAbout Projects and UsersProjectsUsersSelecting a Project and User on Start-upCreating a ProjectSetting a Project's Home DirectorySetting the Default ResolutionSetting Proxy Management OptionsSetting the Graphics Processing Bit DepthSelecting the Project Configuration TemplateModifying a ProjectDeleting a ProjectManaging ProxiesProxy PlaybackProxy ProcessingRegenerating ProxiesExtracting ProxiesAuto-Connecting Clip Libraries Belonging to Other ProjectsCreating and Loading a User and Sharing User PreferencesCreating a UserSaving and Loading Module PreferencesModifying a UserDeleting a UserLoading Different Projects and Users during a Work SessionLoading a Different ProjectLoading a Different UserAbout Multi-Format ProjectsWorking with Remote FramestoresClip LibrariesAbout Clip LibrariesCreating Clip LibrariesOpening Clip LibrariesUsing the Dual Library ViewSaving to Clip LibrariesShortcut for Saving Reels and DesktopsViewing Entries in Clip LibrariesExpanding and Collapsing the Reels PanelViewing the Contents of a Specific ReelScrolling a Clip LibraryChanging the View ModeSorting Entries in Titles and Proxies ModeExpanding and Collapsing Entries in Titles and Proxies ModeListing Clip InformationSelecting EntriesSelection OrderSearching for ClipsOrganizing ClipsAdding Library Reels and Desktop EntriesMoving EntriesCopying EntriesRenaming EntriesDeleting Entries from a Clip LibraryDeleting Clip LibrariesLoading Clips to the DesktopClearing Desktop Reels Before Loading ClipsLoading and Resizing ClipsCopying Local and Remote Clip Libraries to Your Current ProjectNetwork Library StructureNetwork Library EntriesSelecting Clip Libraries in Local or Remote ProjectsDisabling Auto-Connect from Outside the ApplicationCopying Clips from Other ProjectsAborting a Wire TransferTroubleshooting Lock FilesArchivingAbout ArchivingChoosing a Medium for ArchivingVTRsTape DrivesFile SystemsSupplementing Archives with System Drive BackupsArchiving and Restoring Mixed Resolution ProjectsArchiving Clips Containing Sources with Different Bit Depths8- and 10-bit VTR ArchivingMedia Archiving WorkflowProject Setup Archiving WorkflowConfiguring HardwareConfiguring a VTR for ArchivingConfiguring Tape Devices for ArchivingConfiguring SoftwareAccessing the Archive MenuArchive StructureEstimating Archive SizeCreating a VTR ArchiveBefore You BeginSelecting a DeviceHD Board 1080 Line Video Timings (HD Configurations Only)Archiving to the HDCAM SR deviceArchiving to a Tape Containing MaterialHeader Information SlateTips for Better VTR ArchivingCreating an HDCAM Archive (HD Configurations Only)Creating a Tape ArchiveCreating a File ArchiveArchiving Soft-Imported ClipsArchiving to Multiple TapesOpening an ArchiveOpening Multiple Tape ArchivesSaving to an ArchiveArchiving EntriesArchiving Entries from the DesktopClosing an ArchiveManaging ArchivesBrowsing an ArchiveOnline Tables of Contents (OTOCs)Using an ASCII TOC to View an ArchiveUsing an HTML TOC to View an ArchiveDeleting Tables of ContentsSearching in an ArchiveAppending Entries to an Existing ArchiveDeleting Entries from an ArchiveArchive CompatibilitySetting Preferences When Restoring Archives from Previous VersionsRecovering an ArchiveArchiving and Restoring SetupsOptimizing Archiving OperationsOrganizing ArchivesTips and TroubleshootingForcing an Archive To a Single TapePre-processingResizeAbout ResizeAccessing Resize and Resize SettingsResizing on Import, Export, or in a Clip LibraryResizing in the Resize ModuleResizing in BatchResizing from an Import NodeResizing from a ClipResizing from a Resize NodeResizing from an Output NodeResizing from an Export NodeSoft Resizing a ClipApplying a Soft ResizeChanging Views in Resize and in BatchResize SettingsSource SettingsDestination SettingsResizing from Source Using the Crop BoxResizing to Destination Using the Crop BoxAnimating Resize SettingsSaving and Loading Resize SetupsGetting Dynamic Feedback in Result ViewProcessing Clip Handles When Working with Soft ClipsResetting All Resize Settings to Default ValuesChanging the Appearance of the Crop BoxChanging the Padding ColourSetting Default Image Resolution Characteristics on ImportDefault Resolutions List2:3 PulldownAbout 2:3 Pulldown2:3 Pulldown ToolsCapturing Film-Based Media with 2:3 Pulldown RemovalCapturing Material from Tapes with Inconsistent 2:3 PulldownCapturing Film-Based Media with 2:3 Pulldown Using EDLsImporting EDLs With 2:3 PulldownSetting Default 2:3 Pulldown Configuration OptionsOverriding Default 2:3 Pulldown Configuration Tape-to-TapeSaving and Loading the Tape ListRemoving and Inserting Pulldown on the DesktopMonitoring Dual Timecodes and 2:3 PulldownOutputting a Clip to Tape with 2:3 Pulldown InsertionExporting EDLs with 2:3 Pulldown InsertionVideo Field ManagementAbout Interlaced VideoAccessing the Video MenuManaging Field DominanceChanging the Scan Mode of a ProjectReversing Field DominanceChanging the Scan Mode Metadata Tag of a ClipDeinterlacing and Interlacing ClipsDeinterlacing ClipsInterlacing ClipsMerging FieldsColour Management with LUTsAbout Colour Management1D LUTs3D LUTsGeneral Workflow for LUTsWorkflow for Custom 1D LUTsUsing LUTs Created Outside of InfernoConfiguring Inferno to Use 1D LUTsConfiguring Inferno to Use 3D LUTsViewing Clips with 3D LUTsApplying 3D LUTs to the PlayerApplying 3D LUTs to the Image WindowProcessing Clips with 3D LUTsApplying a LUT on Import or ExportAccessing the LUT EditorAccessing the LUT Editor from the Import Image MenuAccessing the LUT Editor in BatchCreating Custom 1D LUTsViewing Clips in the LUT EditorDefining a Basic LUT TypeModifying Basic Conversion LUT CurvesAdvanced Editing of the Conversion LUT CurveComparing Colour Values Using Colour PatchesSaving LUT Editor SetupsLoading LUT Editor SetupsExporting LUTsConverting OpenEXR ImagesConverting an OpenEXR Image in the LUT EditorAdding and Removing Film GrainAbout Film GrainRemoving Grain from a ClipAdding Grain to a ClipAdding Grain Using a Preset Grain SignatureAdding Monochrome GrainAdding Grain Using a Custom or Monochrome Grain SignatureMatching Grain between ClipsAnalysing the Grain in the Back ClipModifying the Results of the AnalysisAdjusting the Grain SizeAdding Grain with a MatteDefining the DeGrain and ReGrain AreaSaving and Loading Grain Management SetupsManaging Your Work EnvironmentSaving Setups and PreferencesAbout Setups and PreferencesSetupsPreferencesAccessing DirectoriesSaving, Loading, and Deleting ItemsDeleting Multiple ItemsRemaining in the File BrowserSetting the Default PreferencesClip HistoryAbout Clip HistoryModifying a Clip in its Last ModuleViewing Effect Information for Clips with HistoryModifying Clip History in BatchNaming NodesExpanding Clip History in BatchManaging Clips with Clip HistoryManaging Sources and IntermediatesSearching for Clips with HistoryDeleting Sources and IntermediatesCommitting a Clip with HistorySaving and Archiving Clips with Clip HistoryCompatibility between Autodesk ProductsViewing Clip History from SmokeViewing Clip History in Inferno, Flame, and FlintClip History FunctionalityClip History Features Per ProductClip History AccessibilityClip History Accessibility in BatchSetting PreferencesAbout PreferencesAccessing the Preferences MenuProject Management PreferencesPreview PreferencesVideo I/O Timing PreferencesBroadcast Monitor PreferencesPointer PreferencesUser Interface PreferencesCreating Custom MenusDocumentation PreferencesTooltips PreferencesMiscellaneous PreferencesGeneral PreferencesGeneralModulesHistoryBatch EditingUntitled Clip NameAutosaveUndoBurn Update IntervalAnimationTimeline PreferencesTimelineTimewarpDissolveBlendSoft ResizeSoft EffectsBatch ModeBatch FXDesktop PreferencesEditingClipsDesktop ProxiesReelsAudio PreferencesAccessing the Audio Preferences MenuPlayerMetersWaveformsToneGeneralInputs/OutputsADAT ConverterStorage PreferencesSpace CalculationFramestoreLUT PreferencesManaging Hot KeysAbout the Hot Key EditorMap-to-Button and Functional Hot KeysHot Key DomainsKeystroke ConventionsDetermining a Button's Current Hot KeyHot Key ErrorsAccessing the Hot Key EditorHot Key CatalogueSelecting Your Keyboard TypeSearching the Hot Key CatalogueEditing Hot KeysEditing Local Hot KeysEditing Global and Shared Hot KeysCreating New Local Hot KeysManaging Hot KeysInstalling FontsAbout Fonts in InfernoSupported FontsFonts Requiring Additional WorkFont LocationsInstalling Adobe Postscript Type 1 FontsInstalling Other Supported FontsUtilitiesAbout UtilitiesDisk Testing UtilityCommand Line UtilitiesVolume Integrity CheckHow It WorksForcing a Volume Integrity CheckFinding and Deleting Invalid FramesDisk Testing UtilityLog FilesViewing Log File MessagesTypes of Log FilesInterpreting Application and VIC Log File MessagesGetting Started with the Command Line UtilitiesDetermining the Utilities VersionGaining Access to the Remote MachineCommand Line ParametersClip Directory PathnameClip Name FormatFile TemplatecmtoolExamplecmtool Optionsdlfsdump -fsSyntaxExampledlfsdump -fs Optionslist_framestoreSyntaxExampleto_framestoreSyntaxto_framestore OptionsUsing 12-Bit ClipsRestrictionsfrom_framestoreSyntaxExamplefrom_framestore OptionsUsing 12-Bit ClipsRestrictionsimcopySyntaxExampleimcopy OptionsSupported Formats (-f option)iminfoSyntaxExamplefcofSyntaxExamplefcof OptionspublishToolSyntaxExamplespublishTool OptionsstonifiseToolSyntaxExamplesstonifiseTool OptionsvstatSyntaxExamplevstat OptionsvicSyntaxExamplevic OptionsCommand Line Start-up and Exit OptionsStarting InfernoStart-up OptionsExiting InfernoInitialising the TabletKilling ProcessesKilling All Inferno-Related ProcessesKilling Processes IndividuallyEditingEditing EssentialsIntroductionAbout Desktop EditingAbout Player Timeline EditingAbout Batch Timeline EditingEditing Operations TableBasic Editing ConceptsSoft EditsSource ClipTarget Clip and Record ClipTimecode on Soft ClipsKeycode on Soft ClipsUsing Virtual Sources in the Timeline Editing on the DesktopAbout Editing on the DesktopEditing Multiple-Resolution ClipsAccessing the Editing MenuGestural Editing on the DesktopGestural Editing CursorsEditing Video and Audio SimultaneouslyCutting ClipsCutting Dissolves and TimewarpsCutting Clips with Audio TracksCutting Clips GesturallyCutting Audio GesturallySplicing ClipsSplicing Clips with AudioInserting Frames and ClipsInserting FramesInserting ClipsInserting Clips with AudioReplacing Frames and ClipsReplacing FramesReplacing ClipsMatching Soft Clips with Their Source ClipsRepeating Frames in a ClipReversing Frame Order in a ClipSwapping ShotsSwapping Shots with AudioConsolidating ClipsCommitting Soft ClipsForce Rendering ClipsForce Rendering a Range of FramesForce Rendering a Single Dissolve or TimewarpForce Rendering Entire Soft ClipsNavigating the TimelineAbout TimelinesAccessing the TimelineTimeline InterfaceManipulating the TimelineMoving the Timeline DisplayZooming the TimelineDisplaying a Large Timeline ViewPlaying the TimelineScrubbing the TimelineJumping to a Particular LocationJumping between ElementsFrame-Stepping the TimelineTrack BasicsAdding TracksActivating a Track's OutputChanging the Current TrackSelecting TracksLocking TracksResizing TracksNaming TracksElement BasicsSelecting ElementsNaming ElementsAdding Comments to ElementsDisplaying Element InformationRemoving Elements from the TimelineSearching for Timeline ElementsMaintaining Sync between ElementsRegaining and Resetting SyncCreating Edit Sync Groups for Multiple Video TracksUsing Edit Sync for Insert and Overwrite EditsDeleting and Disabling Edit Sync GroupsPatching Video and Audio ChannelsPatching on the TimelineUsing the Patch PanelSetting In Points and Out PointsMarking In and Out PointsDeleting In Points and Out PointsMarking Frames of InterestLifting Cue and Segment MarksAdding Comments to Cue and Segment MarksCreating a CutSwapping Batch Timeline ElementsMatching Elements with Their Source ClipEditing to the Batch TimelineAbout Editing to the TimelineBatch Timeline WorkflowStarting with an Assembled ClipTimewarping Clips to Change the TimingEditing a Single ClipLarge Scale ProjectSetting Record and Source ClipsPlacing Shots Gesturally on the TimelineSetting the Ripple ModeSetting Snap OptionsDragging Shots to the TimelinePreviewing the Placement of Shots on the TimelineInserting Clips into an Edit SequenceOverwriting Clips in an Edit SequenceReplacing ShotsRipple Replace EditsReplace EditsPerforming a Three-Point EditPerforming a Four-Point EditRemoving Elements from an Edit SequenceVertical EditingAbout Vertical EditingVertical Editing InterfaceCreating LayersLayer BasicsCollapsing LayersHiding LayersCreating Multilayer ClipsControlling the Transparency of GapsWorking with ContainersTrimming ShotsAbout TrimmingTypes of Trim OperationsGestural and Hot Key TrimmingEffects of Trim OperationsTrimming ExamplesHead, Tail, and Offset InformationHead and Tail FramesOffsetsUsing the Trim CursorsLocking Segments While TrimmingLinking Transitions and CutsKeyboard TrimmingTrim to MarkTrimming Segments GesturallyTrimming DissolvesTrimming Audio TracksSliding a SegmentSliding a Splice or TransitionSlipping a SegmentSlipping AudioTrim Cursor ReviewDissolves and WipesAbout Dissolves and WipesCreating Dissolves on the DesktopAccessing the Desktop Dissolve MenuDissolving between Two ClipsCrossfading between Two ClipsCreating a Fade-in or Fade-outCreating Complex Dissolves with the Dissolve EditorMixing Source ClipsCreating Dissolves on the TimelineAccessing the Dissolve Quick MenuCreating a Dissolve on Multiple Timeline TracksFading to Black or Fading from Black on the TimelineAccessing the Dissolve EditorCreating WipesAdjusting the Global Axis of a SMPTE WipeEditing WipesCreating Customized Wipes with Garbage MasksCreating a MaskAltering a Mask's ShapeControlling a Mask's EffectChanging a Mask's Position, Rotation, and ScalingAnimating MasksUsing the Wipe SchematicNodesAdding ElementsSelecting ElementsNaming ElementsModifying Elements in the SchematicCopying ElementsHiding ElementsDeleting ElementsAdding a Parent AxisRemoving BranchesUsing Templates for SMPTE WipesAdjusting a Preset SMPTE WipeAdjusting a Custom WipeCreating an Axis TransitionCopying TransitionsSoft EffectsAbout Soft EffectsProcessing Order of Soft EffectsCreating Soft EffectsEditing with Soft Effect Quick MenusAccessing the Soft Effect EditorsPreviewing in Soft Effect EditorsGenerating Clip ProxiesCreating Axis Soft EffectsCreating Matte ContainersAxis EditorWorking with Axis Soft Effect LayersHiding NodesAxis KeyerAxis Rendering OptionsCreating Wipe Soft EffectsCreating Sparks Soft EffectsPreview FX in the Spark EditorCreating Colour Correction Soft EffectsColour Correction EditorCreating Colour Warper Soft EffectCreating a Timewarp Soft EffectCreating a Blend Soft EffectCreating a Resize Soft EffectSoft Resize EditorCreating a Text Soft EffectAccessing Soft Text ControlsCreating Text LayersCreating a Text Matte KeyTrimming Animated Soft EffectsCreating Gap EffectsCreating a Soft CC over a TransitionAdding Soft Text to an Empty LayerLinking Soft EffectsCopying Soft EffectsMuting Soft EffectsDeleting Soft EffectsTimewarpsAbout TimewarpsCreating Timewarps on the DesktopAborting Timewarps and Unrendered FramesModifying Timewarps with the Timewarp EditorCreating and Modifying Timewarps in the TimelinesConstant and Variable TimewarpsExplicit and Implicit TimewarpsEditing a Constant TimewarpConverting a Clip to a Standard Frame RateResetting a TimewarpRemoving a TimewarpCopying a Timewarp to Another SegmentEditing Timewarps with the Channel EditorCreating Motion Estimation TimewarpsStrobing a ClipMotion Estimation Using Batch NodesMotion Estimation WorkflowApplying External Motion Data to Batch NodesManaging Timeline MediaAbout Managing Media on the TimelineIdentifying the Status of Timeline ElementsConsolidating Elements on the TimelineCommitting Clips on the TimelineHard Committing Specific Soft EffectsMerging Timeline LayersUnlinking Clips on the TimelineLocking Processed Timeline Elements Compacting Soft EffectsPartial Processing of the TimelineManaging Edited Clips in BatchSaving Edited Clips to the DesktopSaving Edited Clips to the Clip LibraryAudioAbout Working with AudioThe Audio PathAbout Working with Dolby EWhat You Can Do with Dolby EThings to Consider When Working with Dolby EAccessing the AudioDeskAbout the AudioDesk ControlsScrubbing Audio in the PlayerWorking with Audio in the TimelineAssigning an Audio Track to an AudioDesk Input StripScrubbing Audio in the TimelineViewing Audio Waveforms in the TimelineApplying Audio Soft Effects in the TimelineMuting Audio Tracks in the TimelineSoloing Audio Tracks in the TimelineCreating Audio Fades in the TimelineTroubleshooting Audio FadesAbout Audio Soft EffectsModulation SendDelay SendReverb SendGainEQCompressionNoise GateAudio TimewarpUsing Input StripsAdjusting Gain for an Input StripAssigning Audio Input Strips to Output StripsAdjusting Pan Settings for an Input StripMuting an Input StripSoloing an Input StripPhase-shifting an Input StripAbout EQ Filter EffectsHigh Shelf FilterHigh Cut FilterMid Presence FilterMid Notch FilterLow Shelf FilterLow Cut FilterAdjusting EQ Settings on the EQ DeskUsing Parametric Mid FiltersResetting EQ ValuesBypassing EQ ValuesAnimating AudioDesk EffectsAbout Auxiliary EffectsModulationDelayReverbAdjusting Settings on the Auxiliary Effects DeskUsing Output StripsAdjusting Output Strip GainUsing the LimiterUsing the Audio ToolsCreating an Audio Tone ClipAbout the Audio Timewarp OptionsApplying an Audio TimewarpConverting Audio between Different Video StandardsMixing Down AudioCopying Audio to Another ClipBatch ProcessingBatch OverviewAbout BatchBatch ConceptsBatch WorkflowAccessing the Batch MenuViewing the Batch SchematicClip InformationVisual CuesViewing the Batch Schematic Work AreaBatch Schematic NotesMultiple ViewportsAccessing Modules from BatchWorking in ActionCreating Animations with the Batch Universal EditorOffsetting Clips with the Timing ViewSelecting Clips and SegmentsOffsetting ClipsUsing the BFX ViewSetting Batch PreferencesBatch ProcessingAssembling a Process TreeAdding Clips to the SchematicModifying Clips in BatchAdding Nodes to the SchematicConnecting Clips and NodesWorking with Multiple ConnectionsManipulating NodesSelecting NodesMoving NodesCopying NodesDeleting NodesBypassing NodesGrouping NodesLoading a Node's SetupUndoing and Redoing OperationsPreviewing ResultsViewing Nodes in ContextWorking with Audio ContextsCaching FramesSampling LUTsUsing the Scan Format as a Rendering ParameterOutputting and Exporting Batch ResultsUsing the Queue ManagerImporting and Exporting LUTsUsing ScriptsExecuting Batch from the Command PromptBatch: Node ReferenceAbout Batch NodesAccessing a Node's MenuManaging Missing Media OutputSupporting Floating-point Images2D Histogram Node3D Keyer NodeAction NodeIndirect Action MediaDirect Action MediaMissing MediaAdd Pulldown and Remove Pulldown NodesAuto Matte NodeAuto Stabilize NodeAverage NodeBFX Output NodeBurn-In Letterbox NodeBurn-in Timecode NodeColour Correct NodeColour Curves NodeColoured Frame NodeColour Warper NodeCombine NodeCompound NodeDeal NodeDegrain and Regrain NodesDeInterlace and Interlace NodesDesk NodeDifference Matte NodeDistort NodeEdge NodeExport NodeField Merge NodeFilter NodeFlip NodeGlow NodeGMask NodeImport NodeKeyer NodeLens Distort NodePerforming a Perspective RectificationRectifying an Image with Spline AnalysisLibrary NodeLogic Op NodeLuminance Key NodeLUT Editor NodeApplying a Conversion to an OpenEXR ImageMaster Keyer NodeMatte Curves NodeModular Keyer NodeMonochrome NodeMotion Analysis NodeMotion Blur NodeUsing the Speed and Timing CurvesMUX NodeNegative NodeNotes NodeOptics NodeOutput NodeSetting the Output DepthResizing Your OutputAdding a Timecode to Your OutputOutputting Media to Cleaner XLPaint NodePosterise NodeQuick Composite NodeResize NodeRGB Blur NodeRestricting BlurSpark NodeText NodeVector Viewer NodeBatch FXAbout Batch FXCreating Batch FXCreating One Clip Per Timeline LayerConverting Soft Effects to Batch NodesExamples of Soft Effects Converted to NodesCopying Soft Effects to a Batch SetupViewing Batch FX in ContextOffsetting the Starting Frame of a BFX ClipOutputting from a BFX Output NodeOutputting a Matte to the TimelineExample: Working with a Matte and RGB Result in a BFX LevelEditing Batch FXNavigating Batch SetupsMatching and Copying Sources from BFX ViewExpanding Batch FXCopying Batch FXDeleting Batch FXPreviewing Batch FXEffectsProcessing and Formatting CommandsAccessing the Processing MenuPreviewing Results for Processing CommandsSimulating the Motion Blur of a Moving ObjectExamples of Averaging Source ClipsCreating Compound ImagesFlipping ImagesUsing Logical OperationsGenerating a Difference MatteUsing the Auto Matte CommandCreating a Monochrome ClipCreating a Negative ClipModifying the Luma and Chroma of a ClipCreating Coloured FramesAccessing the Format MenuPreviewing Results for Format CommandsUsing Separate and CombineCombining RGB Channels in a ClipSeparating RGB Channels in a ClipDealing and Interleaving ClipsDealing ClipsInterleaving ClipsColour CorrectorAbout Colour CorrectingAccessing the Colour CorrectorAccessing the Colour Corrector from Other ModulesHiding the Colour Corrector MenuViewing ClipsChanging Colour Corrector SettingsInverting the MatteDynamic UpdatingChanging the Background BrightnessCreating a Crop BoxViewing Reference ClipsResetting Colour CorrectionsSaving Colour Correction Setups and PreferencesColour SamplingColour Sampling and Processing OrderMatching ColoursColour Correcting from the Main MenuColour Correcting Shadows, Midtones, and HighlightsAdjusting the HueAdjusting the SaturationAdjusting the ContrastRewiring the RGB ChannelsAdjusting the GammaAdjusting the Gain and OffsetSuppressing ColoursAdjusting the Colour BalanceAdjusting the Colour RangeIncreasing Image ContrastReducing Image ContrastDefining Luma RangesRemapping Colour ValuesColour CurvesAnimating a Colour CorrectionProcessing Colour ChangesColour WarperAbout the Colour WarperColour ClampingAccessing the Colour WarperSetting Up Your Work EnvironmentMultiple ViewportsReference ClipsViewing Colour Information with a VectorscopeViewing Luma Information with the 2D Luma HistogramColour Correcting All or Part of an ImageCropping the Colour Correction AreaInverting the MatteResetting Colour CorrectionsResetting and Clearing ValuesSaving Colour Correction Setups and PreferencesUsing Undo and RedoSampling Clips in the Image WindowSelecting Colour Ranges for Colour CorrectionGenerating MattesClearing and Deleting Mattes and Colour CorrectionsCorrecting Colour ImbalancesSetting Black and White LevelsRemoving Unwanted ColourImproving ContrastAdjusting Shadows and Highlights to Improve ContrastIncreasing SaturationImproving Contrast Using GammaMatching Colours in ClipsMatching Specific ColoursMatching Shadows, Highlights, or Overall SaturationPerforming Hue ShiftsCreating Colour CastsReadjusting Colour After a Colour CorrectionRemoving Colour SpillCreating SubsetupsStoring and Retrieving SubsetupsNaming SubsetupsReplacing SubsetupsComparing SubsetupsSaving and Loading SubsetupsFiltersAbout FiltersAccessing the Filter MenuApplying a Filter to a ClipFilter LibraryCustomizing FiltersUsing Matrix Filter ElementsUsing Procedural FiltersSaving Custom FiltersKeyerAbout the KeyerAccessing the KeyerStoring Colours in Reference Colour PotsCreating and Refining a KeyGenerating MattesRemoving Colour SpillBlending Front and Back ClipsRemoving GrainRemoving Unwanted GreysCreating a Key by Extracting a Single ColourExtracting a Primary ColourExtracting a Custom ColourCreating a Key by Extracting a Range of ColoursSelecting a Colour ModelTrying Out Different Colour ModelsSetting the Softness RangeSetting the Tolerance RangePlotting Colour Values When Adjusting Tolerance or SoftnessCreating a Key by Setting the LuminanceAdjusting the Luminance of the KeySetting the Range of Luminance ValuesRemapping Black and WhiteBoosting the Key's Luminance Using Gain and LiftUsing the Luminance CurvesRefining the KeyModifying the Edges of the KeyBlurring Grainy ClipsInverting the MatteSuppressing Colour SpillBlending the Front and Back ClipColour Correcting the KeyColour Correcting the Result ClipColour Correcting the Front ClipAnimating Your KeyMotion UpdateAdditional Keying TechniquesViewing a Key with a Solid Colour BackgroundCropping the Key AreaResetting KeysProcessing ClipsProcessing OptionsModular KeyerAbout the Modular KeyerAccessing the Modular KeyerSetting Up the Processing PipelineModular Keyer MenuAbout NodesWorking with NodesAdding Clips to the PipelineClip ControlsSetting a Context PointComparing Colours on Different ImagesPanning the SchematicCropping the Key AreaBacking Up the Key SetupSaving the Key SetupSaving Individual NodesUsing Nodes2D Histogram NodeMasterK NodeRGB Blur NodeMatte Curves NodeColour Curves NodeColour Correct NodeColour Warper NodeDifference Matte NodeEdge NodeDegrain and Regrain NodesLogic Op NodeLuminance Key NodeLUT Editor NodeMonochrome NodeNegative NodeResult NodeBlend NodesCBlend NodeMBlend NodeAdding a Matte to a Blend NodeBlending the Front and Back Images of a LayerUsing Several Layers in a Blend NodeBypassing PipesAnimation in the Modular KeyerNodes Placement Table3D KeyerAbout the 3D Keyer3D Keying WorkflowAccessing the 3D KeyerCreating a Precise KeyUsing the RGB ViewerSetting the ToleranceSetting the SoftnessRemoving Noise from Softened AreasUsing YUV SoftnessRemoving Grey Areas in the KeyMastering the RGB ViewerMoving, Rotating, and Zooming in on the RGB ViewerSetting the Display of the RGB ViewerChanging the Display of Key ElementsDisplaying Plotted Points and RegionsSelecting Key Elements in the RGB ViewerControlling Elements with the Directional ArrowPlotting Colour ValuesTranslating, Scaling, and Rotating Key ElementsReshaping the Convex HullAnimating Key ElementsAnimating the Range of Key ElementsAnimating the Patch ParametersResetting a ChannelMore Keying TechniquesTechniques for Adjusting SoftnessAdjusting Transparencies with PatchesSetting 3D Keyer PreferencesAuto KeyRegenGarbage MasksAbout Garbage MasksAccessing the Garbage Mask MenuAbout Garbage Mask OptionsSetting Mask OptionsAbout Drawing OptionsSetting Drawing OptionsDrawing a MaskAdjusting the Number of Points in Freehand SegmentsViewing Nodes in the SchematicChanging the Priority Order of MasksTransforming the MaskManipulating Vertices and TangentsSelecting Vertices and TangentsSelecting Pickers and Softness VerticesMoving Vertices and TangentsBreaking TangentsRemoving and Adding TangentsAutomatically Adjusting Tangent Handles of Adjacent VerticesCreating Right-Angled VerticesAnimating Garbage MasksAnimating Masks Using the Shape ChannelAnimating Masks Using Spline KeyframingAnimating Masks Using TrackingApplying Motion Blur to Garbage MasksBlurring a Stationary Garbage MaskRendering Garbage Masks in Interlaced ModeUsing Multiple Garbage MasksRefining the MaskApplying Softness Using a Uniform GradientApplying Softness Using PickersMixing Advanced Gradient and PickersApplying Softness Using the TracerAnimating a Tracer MaskTracking with the TracerTroubleshooting the TracerSaving Garbage Mask SetupsLoading Garbage Mask SetupsPreset Garbage Mask SetupsImporting and Exporting Raw Setup FilesCompositor and OpticsAbout the Compositor and OpticsAccessing the CompositorCropping the Front ClipControlling the Camera in the SceneSetting Front Clip AttributesAdding a Shadow to the Front ClipCreating Motion PathsTracking ClipsApplying the Tracking DataColour Correcting ClipsProcessing Your ClipsQuick CompositingCreating Glow Effects Using OpticsAnimating Glow EffectsSetting Keyframes AutomaticallyTracking and StabilizingAbout Tracking and StabilizingAccessing the StabilizerHow the Stabilizer WorksWorking with TrackersSelecting a Reference PointSelecting a TrackerPositioning the Reference and Tracker BoxesMoving the ReferenceResetting the Reference and Tracker BoxesResizing the Reference and Tracker BoxesWorking with Multiple TrackersStabilizingSimple StabilizationStabilizing a Clip from ActionRemoving Jitter While Keeping Overall MotionRemoving Jitter with Fixed X and Fixed YSmoothing Out Camera MotionTrackingTracking from the CompositorOne-Point and Two-Point TrackingFour-Point TrackingTracking Difficult Shots and Correcting ErrorsResetting the Shift DataAdjusting the Size of the Tracker BoxPositioning the Tracker Box ManuallyLocking Keyframes in PlaceChanging the Reference PointFinding the Best Tolerance ValueAnalysing BackwardTracking ManuallyAnalysing One Frame at a TimeEditing the Stabilizer Channels on the ImageTracking a Degraded Copy of the ClipSetup OptionsRendering OptionsTracker OptionsDisplay OptionsOther Tracking OptionsCopying Shift ChannelsImporting and Exporting DataDistortAbout DistortWarping in the Distort ModuleMorphing in the Distort ModuleMesh-Based Warps and MorphsAccessing the Distort MenuUsing Distort's Views and Clip DisplayChanging ViewsDisplaying ClipsCreating SplinesDrawing SplinesChanging the Colour of TangentsLinking and Unlinking Splines and AxesEditing SplinesTransforming SplinesUsing Distort's SchematicNode TypesAdding NodesNaming NodesModifying NodesAnimating and Tracking SplinesAnimating SplinesLoading a Clip into the StabilizerBlending ClipsInterpolating FeaturesRefining DistortionsWorking with Correspondence PointsAdjusting ResolutionAdjusting the Degree of DistortionFilling in Gaps at Edges of Distorted ClipsWarping ExampleDistort Animation ChannelsInterpolation and InterpShape ChannelsUsing Distort in BatchCreating a Distortion to Feed into Action MediaSaving PreferencesSaving and Loading Distort SetupsWarperAbout the WarperAccessing the WarperSetting Up the ClipsActivating ClipsCreating MeshesDefining a MeshAdding PatchesModifying a MeshMoving Control Points, Edges, and Tangent HandlesSelecting Multiple Control PointsTranslating, Scaling, and Rotating the MeshSubdividing a PatchAdding a VertexUsing the Freehand Mesh ToolWarping with the Magnet ToolModifying the Meshes for Live-Action ClipsLoading a Clip into the StabilizerCopying and Pasting Meshes for a Live-Action ClipCopying and Pasting Meshes for a Still ClipWarpingDefining the Source MeshDefining the Destination MeshWarping a Still ClipWarping a Region of a ClipMorphingDefining the Front Source MeshDefining the Back Source MeshUsing Source InterpolationSetting Keyframes ManuallyMorphing Between Two Still ClipsMorphing Between Two Live-Action ClipsSetup OptionsRendering SettingsTexture SettingsWarper SettingsSlip SettingsDisplay SettingsTextAbout TextText WorkflowAccessing the Text ModuleProcessing TextProcessing Text ClipsGenerating Text MattesProcessing ConsiderationsSaving and Loading FilesSaving Text FilesLoading Text FilesAdding Text to ClipsCreating a LayerEntering TextWord Processing Hot KeysCreating Text EffectsModifying Layer and Character PropertiesCopying and Pasting Character ChannelsGrouping Text LayersLoading LogosTabulating TextSpell CheckingCreating Text Rolls and Text CrawlsAnimating TextAnimating Paragraph ChannelsAnimating Text on a Motion PathDefining StylesSaving and Loading StylesSaving Multiple Styles AutomaticallyChanging FontsPasting Text from an External SourceEntering Non-Latin TextSparksAbout SparksLoading a Sparks Plug-inReplacing a Sparks Plug-inUsing a Sparks Plug-inDeveloping SparksAnimation and ExpressionsAnimationAbout AnimationAccessing the Channel EditorAccessing Channel Views from ViewportsCreating AnimationsSetting Keyframes AutomaticallySetting Keyframes ManuallyInserting KeyframesChanging the Duration between KeyframesSetting InterpolationSetting ExtrapolationDisplaying ChannelsViewing Channels in a TableExpanding and Collapsing ChannelsShowing and Hiding ChannelsShowing Specific Channel TangentsSelecting Channels AutomaticallySaving and Loading Filter PreferencesFraming ChannelsDefining a Selection SetPanning and Zooming ChannelsColouring Channels and FoldersEditing KeyframesCopying and Pasting Channels or KeyframesAdding KeyframesDeleting KeyframesMoving KeyframesSnapping Keyframes between FramesSelecting Multiple Keyframes and ChannelsChanging the Timing of an AnimationChanging Keyframe Values ProportionallyChanging the Timing or Values of KeyframesOffsetting ChannelsSimplifying the Number of KeyframesBaking KeyframesBreaking Keyframe Tangent HandlesResetting a Tangent HandleModifying the Shape of an Animation CurveSwapping Animation CurvesFlipping Channels and KeyframesRemoving Jitter from an Animation CurveApplying an AverageControlling the Speed of ObjectsCreating a Motion PathModifying Motion Path SpeedMoving a Vertex on a Motion PathWorking with Motion Path Tangent HandlesCreating Animation Sequences Across Nodes in BatchSynchronizing AnimationsLinking Animation to Several BranchesExpressionsAbout ExpressionsExpression ContentVectorsFunctionsKeywords and ConstantsSimplified ExpressionsWorking with Expressions in the Channel EditorLinking ChannelsCopying Nodes with ExpressionsCascading ExpressionsOperator ReferenceArithmetic OperatorsComparison OperatorsOperator PrecedenceFunction ReferenceAnimation FunctionsSlip FunctionsSimple Mathematical FunctionsRandom Number FunctionsRounding FunctionsTrigonometric FunctionsVector FunctionsLogarithmic FunctionsDefining Your Own FunctionsThe Functions FileDefining a FunctionCommentsSample Function DefinitionsSample Expression SetupsAnimated TextSpinning DaggerDagger, Apple, and CherryDampened Pendulum3D Compositing with ActionAction: BasicsAbout ActionAction ConceptsBasic Action WorkflowAccessing the Action ModuleAutomatically Creating Image NodesLoading from a Multitrack ClipLoading from a Multitrack Clip with Selfkey or Self GapsAccessing Action through BatchResetting ValuesUsing Floating Point ImagesAction Module OverviewChanging ViewsAccessing Action MenusUsing the Node BinAnimating with the Channel EditorUsing the Schematic and Menu TabsSelecting Objects and Populating Menu TabsSelecting Multiple Objects in the SchematicNaming ObjectsMoving ObjectsDeleting ObjectsCreating BranchesDuplicating ObjectsHiding ObjectsCopying ObjectsCollapsing BranchesRemoving BranchesSetup and Processing OptionsResolution SettingsRendering SettingsAccumulation SettingsMiscellaneous SettingsDisplay SettingsSchematic SettingsSaving, Loading, and ImportingImporting Photoshop Files into ActionAction: MediaAbout MediaMedia WorkflowAccessing the Media MenuMedia Menu ShortcutsAdding MediaViewing MediaModifying MediaChanging Media ClipsLocking the Front or Back ClipCopying Media SettingsDeleting MediaProcessing a MatteAdding Effects to MediaBlurring a ClipCropping a ClipEliminating Unwanted Black in Areas of Media TransparencySlipping MediaAccessing the Colour Corrector and the Keyer from ActionMuting Media EffectsAccessing the Modular Keyer from ActionAction: DVE Layer ObjectsAbout DVE Layer ObjectsAdding a DVE Layer ObjectNavigating with DVE Layer ObjectsDVE Layers BarObject Tab NavigationResetting ObjectsModifying DVE Layer ObjectsExpanding a DVE Layer ObjectInstancing DVE Layer ObjectsCopying DVE Layer ObjectsAnimating DVE Layer Objects with the Channel EditorReplacing a DVE Layer Object's Clip with AnotherExpanding DVE Layer Objects with Re-entryReordering Surfaces with Re-entryLimitations of Re-entry with DVE Layer ObjectsAction: AxisAbout AxesManipulating an Object's AxisAction ViewsAccessing the Axis MenuSelecting an AxisMoving and Rotating Axes in the SceneChanging the PlaneApplying Tracking Data to an AxisStabilizing an AxisTracking a Feature in the Back ClipAction: SurfacesAbout SurfacesAdding SurfacesApplying Media to SurfacesModifying SurfacesChanging the Shape of a SurfaceSurface Blending ModesOffsetting a SurfaceFilteringReshaping Using the Channel EditorEditing Tracker Offsets of a Bilinear SurfaceWarping an Extended Bicubic SurfaceSubdividing an Extended BicubicTransforming Multiple PointsAdding a Displacement MapUsing Different Media for the Displacement SourceAdding ShadowsAdjusting Shadow SoftnessAdjusting Shadow Colour and TransparencyMoving a ShadowUsing Shadow MixReordering SurfacesAccessing the Priority EditorChanging the Drawing OrderGrouping MediaAnalyse, Z-Sort, and the Z-BufferCreating Keyframes Using the Priority EditorAction: SourcesAbout Source NodesCreating a Matte or Front SourceAccessing the Source MenuParenting and Redrawing Source NodesApplying Effects with Source NodesReplacing the Front or Matte ClipViewing a Source NodeBlurring with Source NodesAdding CamerasAction: CameraAbout the CameraAdding a CameraWorking with the FrustumMoving the Clipping PlanesMoving the Camera Eye and Point of InterestAdjusting the Depth of FieldImporting and Exporting CamerasFBX Cameras3ds Max CamerasSetting Camera ViewsCamera and Orthographic ViewsModifying the CameraZooming In and OutApplying Motion BlurBlurring a Single ObjectCreating Custom Motion BlursSimulating Motion Blur on a Still ObjectApplying Fog to the SceneAction: 3D Camera TrackingAbout 3D Camera TrackingAccessing the 3D TrackerPreparing to TrackAuto 3D TrackingSetting Camera Properties for 3D Auto TrackingFine-tuning the 3D Auto TrackDefining the Auto Track Ground PlaneConverting the 3D Auto Tracking ResultsManual 3D TrackingBasic Manual 3D TrackingAdvanced Manual 3D TrackingDefining Relations between Track Points for Manual TrackingSetting Camera Properties for Manual TrackingAnalysing Manual 3D TracksAction: 3D GeometryAbout 3D GeometryImporting 3D ModelsImporting the FBX FormatWorking with 3D GeometryCreating a Specular Highlight on a ModelAdjusting NormalsSubdividing a ModelAdding TexturesReplacing a Texture on a ModelApplying Texture MappingConverting to WireframeProjecting TexturesDeforming Models and SurfacesAdding a Deformation MeshModifying a Deformation MeshPassing a Deformation Mesh Over an ObjectTransforming a Range of PointsCreating 3D Text3D Text Selective Motion BlurCreating Bevelled TextAnimating 3D TextSeparating TextUsing Garbage Masks as 3D Geometry Action: LightsAbout LightsLights WorkflowAdding a Light SourceSelecting a Light SourceImporting LightsApplying Selective LightingModifying Surface LightingAdjusting Specular HighlightsApplying Incidental Light ReflectionConverting to WireframeFlipping a Surface's NormalsAction: The Particle SystemAbout Action's Particle SystemParticles WorkflowGeneratorsManipulatorsBouncersParticle Setup CompatibilityGenerating ParticlesUsing a Light SourceUsing a SurfaceUsing a 3D ObjectCustomizing the Particle StreamSetting Stream PropertiesSetting Particle PropertiesSetting Particle Rendering PropertiesSetting Additional Generator PropertiesSetting Geometry PropertiesSetting Channel Editor PropertiesUsing Custom ParticlesApplying Textures to ParticlesExploding Objects and SurfacesExploding ObjectsExploding SurfacesManipulating ParticlesSetting Manipulator PropertiesApplying TransformationsSimulating GravityCreating a Vortex EffectUsing an Acceleration Point ManipulatorUsing an Acceleration Line ManipulatorUsing an Acceleration Plane ManipulatorForming a Particle PathUsing a Function as a ManipulatorBouncing ParticlesBouncing Particles Off an ImageBouncing Particles Off a BouncerCombining Particle StreamsParticles Generating Another Particle StreamParticles Bouncing into Another Particle StreamSample Particle SetupsPaintBatch PaintAbout Batch PaintAccessing Batch PaintUsing SourcesAdding a SourceRemoving a SourceClearing Strokes on a SourceHiding StrokesRestricting Strokes with the Source MatteLocking SourcesDisplaying SourcesBrush Attributes and Attribute ModesSetting Brush AttributesSetting Brush Attribute ModesPainting Brush StrokesApplying Brush StrokesRemoving Brush StrokesRestricting Brush StrokesScaling Brush StrokesUsing Paint ModesBlurImpressionSmearCloneRecursive CloneRevealing SourcesUsing Blending ModesUsing the CanvasClearing the CanvasWiping the CanvasRotating the CanvasPreviewing a Reveal Operation Using a Reference ImageSlipping a Reference ImageSaving Setups and PreferencesPaint: BasicsAbout PaintLoading Clips into PaintLocking and Unlocking the Duration of a ClipUsing the MouseDisplaying a Reference ImageUsing Grids and GuidesGrid ControlsResetting the Grid and GuidesUsing the Player in the Paint ModuleSelecting ColoursUsing the Current ColourUsing the Colour PalettePreviewing an AnimationPainting on Full-Resolution Film ImagesSaving and Restoring the ImageExiting PaintPainting on the CanvasAbout Canvas ModeSelecting a BrushUsing the Large CanvasRolling the ImagePainting with GeometryPainting LinesPainting RectanglesPainting CirclesPainting TrianglesSetting Brush Attributes and ModesAbout Brush Attributes and ModesBrush AttributesBrush OpacityBrush SizeBrush RateBrush PressureBrush JitterBrush DirectionBrush RollBrush Attribute ModesUsing Reference ImagesDirection of the BrushPressure Exerted on the PenPreferences Affecting BrushesUsing Filters and Special Effects MediaApplying FiltersUsing Special Effects MediaBlurring the ImageCloning the ImageDragging the ImageUsing the Impressionist MediumRevealing a Reference ImageUsing the Recursive Clone MediumSmearing the ImageUsing the Stamp MediumWarping the ImageWashing and Shading the ImageUsing Wipe, Fill, and AutoPaintWiping an ImageWiping Using a ColourWiping Using Special Effects Media and FiltersUsing the Wipe Command in GraphicsFilling an ImageDefining the Range for the FillSelecting Colour ChannelsAdjusting the SoftnessFilling a Region with a ColourFilling a Region with an ImageFilling a BoundaryUsing AutoPaintWiping the Canvas in AutoPaintApplying Random StrokesRecording Brush StrokesTracking with AutoPaintPlaying Recorded Brush StrokesUsing Mattes in PaintAbout MattesUsing Mattes with CutoutsViewing MattesChanging the Matte ColourChanging the Matte Display TransparencyInverting the Matte ClipCreating or Modifying MattesPainting on the Matte and ImageResetting the MatteCreating a Gradient MatteCreating High-Contrast MattesUsing Graphics in PaintAccessing the Graphics MenuCreating GraphicsAuto Edit After AddUsing the Object ToolsDrawing a LineDrawing a RectangleDrawing a TriangleDrawing an EllipseDrawing a CircleDrawing a PolygonDrawing a Fill ObjectDrawing a Text ObjectSelecting ObjectsUsing the Selected FieldSelecting More than One ObjectDeselecting ObjectsSelecting All ObjectsEditing ObjectsCopying ObjectsDeleting ObjectsHiding ObjectsChanging the Order of Overlapping ObjectsSetting the Object Resolution and DisplayWireframe Display OptionsIncreasing Editing SpeedHiding the Object VerticesDisplaying Anamorphic GeometryAnti-Aliasing for ObjectsSetting the Object AttributeChanging the Object's AppearanceSetting Brush Attributes and ModesUsing Filters and Special Effects Media with GraphicsChanging the Object GradientChanging the Size or Position of an ObjectUsing the Transformation BoxUsing the Transformation ControlsChanging the Shape of an ObjectAdding and Deleting Vertices on a Polygon or LineEditing a Bezier CurveConverting Graphics to AutoPaint StrokesAnimating GraphicsAnimation ParametersShape AnimationGradient AnimationProcessing the AnimationSaving and Restoring ObjectsThe Store and Recall CommandsTacking Down ObjectsTack ModesTacking Down Selected ObjectsCutting and Pasting in PaintAccessing the CutOut MenuCreating a CutoutKeep Cut OnUsing the Cutout CommandsThe FrameCut CommandThe RectCut CommandThe PolyCut CommandThe GeoCut CommandIncreasing Editing SpeedThe Graphic Regen ButtonTexture Cut/Paste and Texture ButtonPasting CutoutsThe Emboss OptionThe Extrude OptionThe Blend OptionsThe Drop Shadow OptionColour Correcting CutoutsAnimating CutoutsLoading and Saving CutoutsPreserving Paint CutoutsPaint: SetupsAbout Paint SetupsSaving SetupsCropping a SetupLoading SetupsDeleting SetupsCreating and Saving Brush SetupsCopying Brush SetupsCreating a Custom BrushChanging the Brush ProfileChanging the CurveDrawing and Updating a Brush ShapeSelecting an Area of the ImageUpdating an Existing BrushCustomizing the Pressure ProfileUsing Colour Correction SetupsHot KeysIntroductionUsing Hot KeysHow to Use This GuideGlobal and Shared Hot KeysTypes of Hot KeysGlobal Hot KeysWindow ManagementUser InterfaceConfirmingPeripheralsMonitor Display OptionsDebug and UtilityExitingShared Hot KeysChannel EditorMultiple ViewsFile BrowserImage Window ControlsEdit ModesColour PickerUndo/RedoModule Hot KeysIntroductionActionMultiple ViewsSchematic EditingEdit ModesSelecting VerticesMoving AxesCamera and Lighting OptionsMedia List Navigation and ModificationReset AllOutput ResolutionBatchViewsViewing ImagesNotesEdit ModesMarking ClipsSchematic EditingBatch PaintBatch TimelineTimeline ModesInformation DisplayEditingWorking with the TimelineMarking the TimelineSelectingAudioClip I/OShuttle and PlaybackCueing, Logging, and CapturingClip LibraryBrowsing Clip LibrariesManaging ClipsColour CorrectorViewsColour SamplingEdit ModesMiscellaneous FunctionsColour WarperViewsHistogram ControlsColour Warping ControlsCompositorViewsWorking with LayersDegrainDesktop ReelsMenusWorking with ClipsDifferenceViewsDistortWorking with SplinesUsing the Distort SchematicEDLBrowsing EDLsEditing EDLsFiltersGarbage MasksSchematic EditingWorking with Garbage MasksTracer Garbage MasksKeyerViewsKeyingMaster KeyerLUT EditorViewsBasic Curve EditingColour SamplingModular Keyer (Flame and Inferno only)ViewsSchematic Editing3D KeyerOpticsViewsPaintViews and DisplayPaint MenuGraphics MenuPlayerPlaying ClipsImage Window Position and ZoomProject Management MenuRegrainResizeSparksStabilizerViewsTracker ButtonsStabilizing and TrackingTextViewsNavigating TextSelecting TextEditing TextWarperViewsEdit ModesSelecting and Moving Mesh VerticesGlossaryList of Terms