In this lesson, you link the beach house model to 3ds Max Design, adjust the daylight, and add more materials to the scene.

Set up the lesson:

1. Start 3ds Max Design.
2. If you did not complete the previous lesson, or you skipped it because you don’t have Revit installed, do the following:
   • Use Windows Explorer to copy the beachhouse.fbx file from the \import\revit_files\original_fbx subfolder to the main \import\Revit_files folder. This file has been set up for you.

Adjust the system units:

1. On the main menu, choose Customize Units Setup.

   3ds Max Design opens the Units Setup dialog.

   

2. On the Units Setup dialog, click System Unit Setup.

   3ds Max Design opens the System Unit Setup dialog.

   

   Typically you don’t need to use the System Unit Setup dialog. The exception is when you are importing or opening scenes with a known scale that is different from the typical scale of a 3ds Max Design scene. That is the situation here: Revit always exports FBX files with feet as the unit, so to avoid having 3ds Max Design rescale the FBX model when you import it or link it, you need to set the scale of 3ds Max Design to match that of the FBX file.

3. In the System Unit Scale group, open the drop-down list and choose Feet.

   

4. Click OK.
5. On the main Units Setup dialog, in the Display Unit Scale group, choose Metric.

   

   Unlike the System Unit Scale, display units affect only how units are displayed in the 3ds Max Design interface. For this scene, we will work with metric values.

Link the FBX file:

1. From the Application menu, choose References File Link Manager.

   3ds Max Design opens the File Link Manager dialog.

   

2. On the File Link Manager dialog Attach tab, click File.

   3ds Max Design opens a file dialog.

3. Navigate to the \import\Revit_files folder and choose beachhouse.fbx. This is the file you exported from Revit in the previous lesson (or if you skipped the Revit lesson, it is the file you copied from the \original_fbx folder). Click Open.

   3ds Max Design sets up beachhouse.fbx as the file to attach.

   

4. On the File Link Manager dialog, click the Presets tab.

   

   The Presets tab lists a number of presets for linking both FBX and DWG files. On the main Attach tab, you can choose a preset from the Preset drop-down list. You use the Presets tab to edit presets or add a new one.

5. On the Presets tab, scroll to the right so you can see the entry for Autodesk Revit FBX - Combine By Revit Family Type. Click to highlight this entry, and then click Copy.

   

6. In the New Settings Preset dialog that appears, name the new preset Revit Family Type With Materials.

   

7. On the Presets tab, click to highlight the preset you just created, and then click Modify.

   

8. On the File Link Settings: FBX Files dialog, click to turn on both the options in the Material group, and then click Save.

   

   These options ensure that 3ds Max Design materials are preserved when you link a scene or reload a linked scene.

9. Go back to the Attach panel, and choose Revit Family Type With Materials from the Preset drop-down list.

   

10. Click Attach This File.

    

    While 3ds Max Design links the FBX file, a progress bar appears in the status-bar area of the 3ds Max Design window, and after some processing the FBX scene appears in the viewports.

    

11. On the File Link Manager dialog, go to the Files tab.

    

    The Files tab shows that beachhouse.fbx is linked to the 3ds Max Design scene. You will use this tab again after making changes to the scene in Revit; for now, you are done with the File Link Manager.

12. Close the File Link Manager dialog.

Adjust the daylight illumination:

1. In the Perspective viewport, click the Point-Of-View (POV) viewport label (at first, it’s labeled “Perspective”), and choose Cameras 3D View: Exterior.

   The viewport switches to the viewpoint of the camera you set up in Revit.

   

   The light objects are visible in the bungalow, but they are turned off because you specified a sun-only export format.

2. Press H. In the Select From Scene dialog, highlight the SunAndSky-002 object, then click OK.
3. Go to the Motion panel. On the Control Parameters rollout, notice the settings.

   The Location is properly set to Boston and the Time group Month, Day, Hours, and Mins fields all show the daylight values you set in Revit.

   

   The only change you need to make to the sun is to correct its orientation in the sky, so its rays will be directed onto the terrace and into the living room.

4. In the Location group North Direction field, type 300.

   

Set the gamma level and add an exposure control:

1. Make sure the 3D View: Exterior viewport is active, then on the main toolbar, click (Rendered Frame Window).
2. On the Rendered Frame Window, click (Environment And Effects Dialog (Exposure Controls)) to open the Environment And Effects dialog. Here, you will set the proper exposure for the scene.
3. On the Exposure Control rollout, choose “mr Photographic Exposure Control” from the drop-down list.

   

4. On the “mr Photographic Exposure Control” rollout, scroll down so you can see the Gamma / LUT Settings group at the bottom of the rollout. Click Setup.

   

5. 3ds Max Design opens the Preferences dialog to the Gamma And LUT tab. Turn on Enable Gamma/LUT correction. Make sure that Gamma is chosen, and that the gamma value is set to 2.2.

   Turn on both options in the Materials and Colors group as well: Affect Color Selectors and Affect Material Editor.

   

   Adding gamma correction improves the appearance of renderings.

6. Click OK to close the Preferences dialog.
7. Near the top of the “mr Photographic Exposure Control” rollout Exposure group Preset drop-down list, choose Physically Based Lighting Outdoor Daylight, Clear Sky.

   

8. Also on the “mr Photographic Exposure Control” rollout, set the value of Shutter Speed to 250.0 (1/250 Sec.) and the value of Aperture (f-Stop) to 5.6.

   

   These settings correspond to those you would use with a film camera in comparable lighting conditions.

9. On the Exposure Control rollout, make sure Active is turned on, then click the Render Preview button to quickly check how your exposure preset will affect the scene.

   

10. The result seems fine, so in the Rendered Frame window, click Render.

    

    The house looks good but the terrain appears too regular because it was not optimized in Revit. In the procedures that follow, you will replace the terrain material with a material you create in 3ds Max Design.

11. Close the Rendered Frame Window and close the Environment And Effects dialog as well.

Set up the terrain object:

1. Switch to a four-viewport layout, activate the Top viewport, and select the object that represents the terrain.

   

2. The terrain object is named Unknown, so go to the Modify panel and in the Name field, change the name to Terrain.

   As the Modify panel shows, from the 3ds Max Design point of view the Terrain object is simply a linked object from another file.

   

   For the terrain to show a mapped texture in viewports, it needs a UVW Map modifier.

3. Also on the Modify panel, open the Modifier List and apply a UVW Map modifier to the Terrain object.
4. In the UVW Map modifier Parameters rollout Mapping group, leave the projection type set to Planar, and turn off Real-World Map Size.

Add a material to the terrain:

1. On the main toolbar, click (Material Editor) to open the Slate Material Editor.

   

   TipIf you open the Compact Material Editor instead, you can change to the Slate interface by choosing Modes Slate Material Editor.
2. Drag an Autodesk Generic material from the Material/Map Browser panel at the left, into the active View in the center of the Slate Material Editor. (Autodesk Generic is in the Materials mental ray group.)

   3ds Max Design displays a node for the Generic material in the active View.

   

3. Double-click the new Generic material node.

   The parameters for the Generic material appear in the Parameter Editor panel at the right of the Slate Material Editor.

4. Change the name of the material to Terrain.

   

   As you update the name in the Name field, the name in the title bar of the material node also updates.

5. In the active View, drag a wire away from the Generic_Image component of the Terrain material node.

   

   Release the mouse. 3ds Max Design opens a pop-up menu.

   

   On the pop-up menu, choose Standard Bitmap.

   3ds Max Design opens a file dialog.

6. In the file dialog, make sure that Files Of Type is set to All Formats. Navigate to the \sceneassets\images folder, choose terrain.jpg, then click Open.

   

   Bitmap used for the seaside terrain

7. Double-click the new Bitmap node so you can see its parameters.
8. On the Coordinates rollout, turn off Use Real-World Scale.

   

   You need to turn off Use Real-World Scale so you can fit the map to the surface object on a one-to-one ratio. For the same reason, leave the Tiling values set to their default values of 1.0 in U and 1.0 in V.

9. On the Slate Material Editor toolbar, click to turn on (Show Map In Viewport).
   NoteIf a pop-up menu appears, choose the first of the Show Map options, Show On Terrain ( Autodesk Generic ).
10. Click the Terrain material node to make it active. On the Slate Material Editor toolbar, click (Assign Material To Selection).

    Now the texture is visible on the Terrain object in shaded viewports.

11. Minimize the Slate Material Editor, activate the Top viewport, and press F3 to turn on shading and see how the texture has been applied to the Terrain object.

    

Add bump mapping to the terrain:

1. Press M to restore the Slate Material Editor window.
2. In the active View, drag a wire from the output socket of the Bitmap node (the circular control at the right of the node), and connect the wire to the Bump_Image component of the Terrain material node.

   

3. Double-click the Terrain material node so you can see its parameters. Scroll down to the Bump rollout, and click to turn on Enable.

   

4. Drag the Amount slider so the bump Amount has a value close to 1.0.

   

   The bump mapping doesn’t appear in viewports, but it will be apparent when you render the scene.

5. Minimize the Slate Material Editor.
6. Activate the 3D View: Exterior viewport, then render the scene.

   

   Now the beach house is in the middle of a dry terrain that might be sand dunes.

   Next, you will add an object to the scene that represents a body of water.

Create a surface that will become the ocean:

1. In the Top viewport, zoom out and pan so the terrain area is smaller, and the house is at the top of the viewport.

   

2. Go to the Create panel, click (Geometry), and on the Object Type rollout, click Plane.
3. In the Top viewport, drag to create a plane that overlaps the lower portion of the Terrain object.

   

4. Press G to turn off the grid display in the Top viewport.
5. On the main toolbar, click (Select And Move) to make it active. Activate the Front viewport. In the Front viewport, move the plane vertically on the Y axis while you watch the Top viewport. Stop moving the plane when it intersects the Terrain in a way that suggests a shoreline.

   

   Next, you will resize the plane so it extends out into the horizon.

6. Go to the Modify panel. Change the name of the plane object to Ocean.
7. On the Parameters rollout Render Multipliers group Scale field, type 50.

   

   This multiplies the surface of the plane by a factor of 50 each time the scene is rendered. Using the Scale factor can be more convenient than typing object dimensions in the Length and Width fields.

Add a material to the ocean:

1. Press M to restore the Slate Material Editor.
2. Drag an Autodesk Water material from the Browser into the active View. (Like the Autodesk Generic material, Autodesk Water is in the Materials mental ray group.)
3. Double-click the Water material node so you can see its parameters.
4. On the Water rollout, set Type to Generic Sea/Ocean and Color to Generic Sea/Ocean.

   

5. Move the Slate Material Editor window so you can see both the active View and the Top viewport. Drag from the output socket of the Water material node and drop the material onto the Ocean plane you just created.

   Now you have a water surface for the ocean in your scene. Before you can see the ocean in a rendering, however, you need a new point of view.

6. Close the Slate Material Editor.

Add another camera:

1. Activate the Top viewport, and press F3 to turn off shading.
2. Use (Pan) and (Zoom Region) to get a close-up view of the bungalow.
3. Go to the Create panel, turn on (Cameras), and on the Object type rollout, click Target.
4. Click to place the camera on the terrace just in front of the double doors, then drag downward to point its target in the direction of the ocean.

   

   The camera is created at ground level. Now you will raise the camera object to eye level.

5. Activate the existing camera viewport, 3D View: Exterior, and press C to display the viewport from the perspective of the newly created camera.
6. Go to the Modify panel Clipping Planes group, and make sure that Clip Manually is turned off.
7. Click (Pan) and drag downward, causing the camera and its target (the horizon) to rise from ground level simultaneously.

   

8. Drag the Pan tool to the right slightly until you have a column in the foreground.

   

9. Render the scene.

   

   1. From the porch, you can see the beach and the ocean. The water is pale in the shallows, and shades of blue where there is no underlying terrain.

Adjust the time of day and sun position:

To see the beach at sunset, you adjust the time of day and the position of the sun.

1. Activate the Front viewport, click (Zoom Extents), then select the daylight object.

   

2. Go to the Motion panel Control Parameters rollout, and in the Time group, change the Hours value to 19, or 7 PM.

   

3. In the Control Parameters rollout Location group North Direction field, type 260.0.

   

   Now the sun is visible in the view from the porch in the Camera001 viewport.

   

4. Activate the Camera001 viewport and click (Rendered Frame Window).
5. On the Rendered Frame window, click (Environment And Effects Dialog (Exposure Controls)) to open the Environment And Effects dialog.
6. Click the Render Preview button to quickly check the rendering.

   

   The result is too dark, because the exposure is set for full daylight.

7. In the “mr Photographic Exposure Control” rollout Exposure group, change the Shutter Speed value to 125.0 (1/125 Sec.).

   

   The render preview thumbnail dynamically updates and shows more detail.

   

8. On the Rendered Frame Window, click Render.

   

   The sun, your repositioned Daylight object, is in full view and the Surface object and plane you created show interesting detail from the materials applied to them.

Restore the time of day and the exterior view:

1. With the Daylight object still selected, in the Control Parameters rollout Time group change the Hours back to 15, and in the Location group change the North Direction field back to 300.
2. Switch the Camera001 viewport back to 3D View: Exterior, and on the Environment And Effects dialog mr Photographic Exposure Control rollout Exposure group, change the Shutter Speed back to 250 (1/250 Sec.).
3. Close the Environment And Effects Dialog.
4. In the 3D View: Exterior viewport, dolly back until you can see all of the carport.

   

5. On the Rendered Frame Window, click Render to render the new exterior view.

   

   The result is similar to your earlier rendering. In the next lesson, you will change the size of the carport.