As for Facade1, you use
Unwrap UVW to texture the entryway faces of Facade4. Because
of the arrangement of these faces, you use different Unwrap UVW
techniques.
Set up the lesson:
- Continue working on your scene from the
previous lesson, or open \modeling\facades\facade_modeling_05.max.
- If you open the file, select the façade, go to
the Modify panel, and make sure
that (Show End Result) is on
for all three levels of the stack.
Texture the pavement:
- Select Facade4.
- Make sure the viewport displays Edged
Faces (F4).
- Orbit (or use the ViewCube), zoom, and pan to get a good view of
the arch geometry.
- Go to the Modify panel. In the modifier
stack, make sure UVW Mapping is the active level.
- From the Modifier List, choose Unwrap
UVW.
- In the modifier stack, click (the plus-sign icon) by the
Unwrap UVW entry to expand the Unwrap UVW sub-levels, then click the
Face sub-object level to make it active.
- Click and Ctrl+click to select the upper faces
of the doorstep or sidewalk.
- On the Modify panel Map Parameters rollout,
click to turn on Planar, then click Align Z.
Now the pavement is correctly
aligned with the fac4.jpg texture.
- Click Planar again to turn it off.
- On the Modify panel Parameters rollout,
click Edit to open the Edit UVWs dialog.
- On the Edit UVWs dialog, choose “Map
#13 (fac4.jpg)” from the background pattern drop-down list.
- On the Edit UVWs dialog lower toolbar,
click to turn on (Filter Selected Faces).
- On the Edit UVWs dialog main toolbar,
click to turn on (Freeform Mode).
- Use the handles to move and scale the
pavement faces so they are on top of the larger window’s windowsill.
The idea is to map the
pavement to a dark area of stone.
TipMove the Edit UVWs
dialog so you can also see the texture display in the viewport.
- Close the Edit UVWs dialog.
Set up texturing for the wall portion
of the arch:
- Use the ViewCube to orbit the scene
so you can see all the interior faces of the archway.
- Click and Ctrl+click to select the outer faces
along the inside of the archway: These are the faces that correspond
to the width of the stone wall.
TipYou can press F2 to toggle the shading of selected
faces. Turning on face shading makes it easier to see your selection.
- Press Shift+Z to
return to your previous view of the archway, looking at it from
the side and slightly downward.
- On the Modify panel Map Parameters rollout,
click Cylindrical to turn it on, then click Align Y.
3ds Max Design displays a
cylindrical gizmo for the Unwrap UVW projection.
- Move the cylinder gizmo
forward a bit, so you can see all of it, and it is not hidden by
the wall.
TipAs the illustration
shows, you might want to
orbit (or use the ViewCube)
to see the wall and the cylinder gizmo more obliquely.
The cylinder gizmo has
one height segment displayed in green. This indicates where the
seam of the cylindrical mapping will be. At present, the green segment
is near the right side of the arch.
- Turn on (Select And Rotate).
- Rotate the cylinder gizmo
about the Y-axis until the seam segment is at the bottom of the
scene.
Since the arch isn’t
a full circle, putting the seam at the bottom ensures there won’t
be a seam on the façade geometry.
- On the Map Parameters rollout, click
Fit.
3ds Max Design fits the cylinder
gizmo to the geometry of the arch.
- Click Cylindrical again to turn it off.
ImportantLike the Planar button,
the Cylindrical button enters a mode: If you forget to turn it off,
later you won’t be able to use controls in the Edit UVWs dialog.
Use the Edit UVWs dialog to position
the wall texture:
- On the Modify panel Parameters rollout,
click Edit to display the Edit UVWs dialog.
- If you need to, on the Edit UVWs dialog,
choose “Map #13 (fac4.jpg)” from the background pattern drop-down
list, and on the lower toolbar, turn on (Filter Selected Faces).
- On the Edit UVWs dialog main toolbar,
turn on (Freeform Mode).
- Use the handles to scale the wall faces
so they cover a strip of stone above the arch. The placement doesn’t
matter much, as you will be changing it soon.
- On the Edit UVWs dialog main toolbar,
click (Mirror Horizontal).
- On the options panel below the main Edit
UVWs dialog, click to turn on (Vertex Sub-Object Mode).
- On the Edit UVWs dialog menu bar, choose
Tools Sketch
Vertices.
3ds Max Design opens a Sketch
Tool dialog.
- On the Sketch Tool dialog, choose Free
Form from the Align To drop-down list.
Also in the Sketch Tool
dialog, click to turn on Interactive Mode, and then click OK.
After you have set up
the Sketch Tool to use Free Form drawing, you work in a two-step
manner: First, drag to select the vertices you want to reposition;
Second, draw a freehand stroke to show Edit UVWs where to place
the selected vertices.
- In one continuous motion, drag
to select vertices along the lower-left edge of the arch faces:
Begin at the center of the lower edge, and move the cursor to the
left.
NoteIf your grid of edges
matches the grid shown in the previous lesson, there are 11 vertices
on each side of the arch. 3ds Max Design numbers these from 0 to 10.
- With the pencil cursor, sketch along
the lower-left edge of the arch that the bitmap shows.
3ds Max Design moves the
vertices you selected to follow the line as you draw.
You don’t have to worry
about being too precise: You can adjust your work later.
- Repeat the previous two steps for the
upper edge of the arch faces.
- And then repeat the same steps for the
right side of the arch.
- After you have used Sketch Vertices to
rough out the arch faces in this way, on the Edit UVWs dialog toolbar,
turn on (Move), and then move vertices
to arrange them more regularly.
Map the inner, arcade faces:
We’ll let you decide
whether you want to go through the steps for mapping the inner,
arcade faces. The steps to follow are the just same as the steps
you followed for the stone wall faces, with these changes:
Save your work:
- Save the scene as facade4_textured.max.
The completed scene is facade_modeling_completed.max.
This scene contains two other façades. If you want to try modeling
them, you should now know the tools you can use to do so.
Summary
With a photograph of
a building’s façade, you can create a convincing model of that façade.
The overall steps are as follows:
- Use a photo-editing program to correct
the photograph’s perspective, so that vertical and horizontal lines
are parallel.
- In 3ds Max Design, create a plane that has
the same aspect ratio as the photograph, and the same dimensions
as the original building.
- Create a material that uses the photo
as both a Diffuse and a Bump map, and apply it to the plane.
- Make the plane an Editable Poly object.
- Set up the stack with UVW Map and Poly
Select, so you can see the end result while you edit the geometry.
- Use Editable Poly tools to create edges
that correspond to features of the façade.
- Use the Extrude tool to make features
three dimensional, having them recess or protude so the building
will cast realistic shadows.
- Use Unwrap UVW to correct the mapping
of faces that aren’t parallel to the main UVW Map projection.