This is a simple shader that applies a gamma and a gain (multiplication) of a color or map. It provides an alternative way of controlling gamma in 3ds Max. Many similar shaders exist in various OEM integrations of mental ray, so you also can use this shader for standalone mental ray and for cross-platform phenomena development.
The shader can also be used as a simple gamma lens shader, in which case the input is not used, but the eye ray color is used instead.