character studio provides two distinct modes of animation, footstep and freeform.

Footstep animation was originally designed for bipedal characters, that is, characters that walk on two legs. It uses a structured system of dynamics and balance to create secondary motion in the upper body, including arm swinging and tail swaying that is automatically applied when footsteps are used. By using default footsteps, you are assured that the biped's foot doesn't slide or pass through the ground, and that the foot easily rolls from heel to the ball of the foot as is common in a typical walk.

Freeform animation provides a more traditional method of animating to those familiar with 3ds Max, or other character animation systems. Keys are set by using the character studio Set Key tools found in the Key Info rollout, or by turning on Auto Key mode, moving the time slider and transforming the biped parts.

Freeform animation includes preset key types called planted, sliding, and free keys; these make it very quick to lock a biped's foot or hand in space and get results similar to those of footstep animation.

You can add freeform animation to footstep animation during airborne periods, making it possible to use both footstep and freeform animation on the same biped.

Freeform animation is particularly useful for:

• Animating a character with more than two legs.
• Animating a biped switching between foot-based motion and freeform motion, such as a biped doing handstands, jumping into a swimming pool, or leaping up to begin flying through the air.

Freeform animation also provides animated pivot points on the feet and hands. This makes it possible for you to simulate the roll of a foot from heel to toe, or create detailed finger animation.

You can convert back and forth between footstep and freeform animation within some limitations. While it is easy to convert any footstep animation to freeform, there are limitations on the conversion from freeform animation to footsteps.

See Converting Between Footstep and Freeform Animations.

Because of these limitations, a common workflow is to use footstep animation to rough out the animation, then convert to freeform to finalize the motions. The totally freeform animation is not bound by the rules of the footstep method, so it's easy to do anything you want, such as add keys at the beginning or end of the clip.

Topics in this section

• Freeform Animation Between Footsteps

  For certain types of footstep animation, it is necessary to suspend calculations of gravitational effects on the biped.

• Converting Between Footstep and Freeform Animations

  There might be times when you want to convert a footstep animation to a freeform animation, or vice versa. This can occur when someone gives you an animation file that's animated in one mode, while you prefer to work in the other.