Ghosting Animated Objects
 
 
 

Animation ghosting, also known as onion-skinning, is a viewing mode that lets you display a series of snapshots of animated objects at frames or keyframes behind and/or ahead of the current frame. This lets you easily visualize the motion of an object, which can help you improve its timing and flow.

Ghosting has its roots in cel animation, where animators use translucent sheets containing the previous and next keyframes as a reference while drawing. This gives the animator a feel for the motion of the object and serves as a guide when editing keyframes.

Ghosting displayed for a character with motion capture animation stored in an action clip. The geometry of the animated object is ghosted, but you change its display to motion trails, points, or vectors.

Ghosting works for any object that moves in 3D space, either by having its transformation parameters (scaling, rotation, and translation) animated or by having its geometry changed by shape animation or animated deformations (including envelopes, rigid body, cloth, and soft body). The transformation parameters can be animated in any way: by fcurves (keys), constraints, expressions, scripted operators, or an action clip in the animation mixer.

TipTo use ghosting with rigid body simulations, make sure to first cache the simulation — see Creating ICE Simulation Environment Cache Files [Data Management].

Ghost images themselves are not cached but are instead drawn for the animated object at each frame. As a result, the ghost images are updated automatically when you change the object's animation. You cannot select or modify ghosts, and they cannot be rendered.

You can also view other types of ghosts for:

Overview of Ghosting

To see ghosting on the animated objects, there are several steps you must take and several options you can choose.

Also note that scene layer and group settings override individual object settings.

Activating Ghosting in 3D Views

To see the ghost shapes for animated objects, you must activate ghosting for any 3D view in a viewport, object view, or the XSI explorer. Ghosting works in conjunction with any of the display modes for the 3D views, such as Wireframe, Shaded, and Textured. Ghost shapes, however, are always drawn in wireframe if the object's geometry is being used as the ghost shape — see Selecting the Ghosting Display Type for other display options.

  1. Do one of the following:

    • Choose the Animation Ghosting command in the Display Mode menu of a 3D view.

      or

    • Choose Display Options in the Display Mode menu to open the Camera Display property editor. Then click the Ghosting tab and select Enable Animation Ghosting.

  2. Set up the ghost display options in the Camera Display property editor as described in Controlling the Ghost Display.

To activate ghosting for all 3D views in viewports

  1. Choose Display Display Options (All Cameras) from the main menu to open the Camera Display property editor for all viewports.

  2. Click the Ghosting tab and select Enable Animation Ghosting.

Activating Ghosting for Objects

You can set ghosting on a per-object basis. Remember that scene layer and group settings override individual object settings; for example, if ghosting is active for an object but not its scene layer, you won't be able to see the object's ghosts.

To activate the ghost display per object

  1. In an explorer, click the Visibility icon for an object to open its Visibility property editor.

  2. In the Animation area, select the Ghosting option.

    If this option has a check mark but is unavailable (grayed out), it means that this object belongs to a scene layer or group whose ghosting setting is active (see next section, Activating Ghosting for Scene Layers and Groups).

To toggle ghosting for selected objects

  • Choose Display Ghost/Unghost Selection from the main menu at the top of the Softimage window.

    This toggles animation ghosting display in the viewports for selected objects, overriding the ghost settings for the object, its scene layer, or its group.

To deactivate ghosting for all objects in a scene

  • Choose Display Unghost All Objects from the main menu.

    This deactivates the animation ghosting display in the 3D views for all objects in the scene, overriding the ghost settings per object, scene layer, or group.

Activating Ghosting for Scene Layers and Groups

In addition to setting ghosting per object, you can also set ghosting for all animated objects in a scene layer or group. Remember that scene layer and group settings override individual object settings.

To activate ghosting for animated objects in scene layers

  • Do any of the following:

    • Click the KP/L tab at the bottom of the main command panel to open the scene layer manager. Then choose View Show Ghosting Visibility in the scene layer manager. This activates ghosting for objects in the current scene layer.

      or

    • In the scene layer manager (press 6), click in the Ghost cell for the scene layers on which you want to have ghosting.

      or

    • Click the appropriate scene layer icon in the explorer to open its Layer property editor, then select Members are ghosted as the Animation Ghosting option. This activates ghosting for only the objects in that scene layer.

To activate ghosting for animated members in groups

  1. In an explorer, click the appropriate group icon to open its Group property editor.

  2. Select Ghost members as the Animation Ghosting option. This activates ghosting for only the objects in that group.

To determine ghosting behavior for members in a scene layer or group

  1. Click the scene layer or group icon in the explorer to open its Scene Layer or Group property editor.

  2. Select an option in the Animation Ghosting list for the members:

    • Do not ghost members prevents ghosting for the animated objects. This overrides the Animation Ghosting settings in the members' individual Visibility properties.

    • Ghost members displays ghosts for the animated objects. This overrides the Animation Ghosting settings in the members' individual Visibility properties.

    • No effect on members: members are ghosted or not according to the Animation Ghosting settings in their individual Visibility properties. This does not override the members' Visibility properties.

Controlling the Ghost Display

You can view ghosting in any 3D view. Although you can use ghosting with any display mode (Shaded, Textured, Hidden Line, etc.), the ghost's geometry is always drawn as wireframes. You can choose to draw the ghosts on top of objects, as well as have the ghosts fade away (become more transparent) the farther they get (in time) from the current frame.

By default, the object's geometry is used as the ghost shape, but you can change the display type per object — see Selecting the Ghosting Display Type for more information.

You can have ghosts on any interval of frames before and/or after the current frame, keyframes set on an object's transformation parameters, and on static frames.

As well, you can set ghosts for any combination of frames, keyframes, and static frames. For example, you can display keyframes in one color and then display the interpolated frames between them in a different color.

Ghosts with Keys Before set to 6 and a Key Step of 1. Ghosts in a lighter color are also displayed on frames between the dark green keys.

To control the ghost display in a 3D view

  1. Choose Display Options in the Display Mode menu to open the Camera Display property editor.

  2. Click the Ghosting tab and select Enable Animation Ghosting.

  3. Set the Animation Ghosting parameters to set ghosts on:

    • Any combination of frames (such as frames that have happened before the current frame and/or frames that are going to happen after the current frame)

    • Keyframes

    • Static frames (ghosts only on specific frames)

For detailed information on each of these parameters, see Animation Ghosting in the Camera Display property editor.

A

Displays ghosts on top of objects in the view.

B

Ghosts fade out (become more transparent) as they get farther away in time from the current frame.

C

Number of subdivisions that affects the smoothness of the motion trail display — see Setting the Trail's Subdivisions.

D

Size of the velocity vector when Vector is set as the ghost display type.

E

Displays ghosts on any interval of frames.

F

Sets the corresponding color of the ghosts on frames before and/or after the current frame.

G

Displays ghosts only on keyframes set on local or global transformation parameters — see Drawing Ghosts on Keyframes.

H

Sets the corresponding color of the ghosts on keyframes before and/or after the current frame. If you're using FK/IK ghosting for FK/IK blending on a chain, you set the FK and IK ghost colors here — see Ghosting FK/IK Blending [Character Animation].

Drawing Ghosts on Keyframes

Drawing ghosts only on keyframes lets you quickly see where an object's keys are. If you add or remove a key with ghosting on, the ghosts are immediately updated to reflect the change.

Drawing ghosts on keyframes works only with keys that are set on an object's local or global transformation parameters.

Drawing Static Ghosts on Specific (Static) Frames

You can specify exactly which frames on which you want to display ghosts. This lets you see the state of the animation at any frame. Because these ghosts remain static as the animation is played back, they are useful placeholders. However, if you change the object's animation, the ghosts are updated to reflect this.

Selecting the Ghosting Display Type

You can determines the appearance of the ghosted shapes for each animated object. By default, the object's geometry is displayed as the ghost.

The display types use the current settings as defined in the Camera Display property editor, including fading and whether ghosts are drawn on top of the object.

  1. In an explorer, click the Visibility icon for an object to open its Visibility Property Editor [Properties Reference].

  2. In the Animation area, select an option from the Ghost Type list: Object, Point, Pose, Velocity, or Trail.

    For the Point, Pose, and Velocity display types, an icon is drawn at the current position in addition to one drawn for each ghost frame.

     

     

    Ghosts displayed as Objects, which draws the object's geometry for each ghost.

    Ghosts displayed as Points, which draws a point (small cross) for each ghost based on the center of the object's bounding box.

     

     

    Ghosts displayed as Poses, which draws a transformation axis for each ghost based on the center of the object's bounding box.

    Ghosts displayed as a Trail, which draws a smooth curve connecting points created for each ghost. This displays the trajectory of the object.

     

     

    Ghosts displayed as Velocity, which draws a velocity vector (direction arrow) for each ghost.

     
    TipIf you want to see the object's velocity at only the current frame, you could set the Frames After value to 1 and the Frame Step to a large value like 1000.

Setting the Trail's Subdivisions

The curve created with the Trail display type is generated from the ghost points. To increase its accuracy, you can increase the number of subdivisions used to draw it.

  1. Select Trail as the Ghost Type in the object's Visibility property editor.

  2. In the Animation Ghosting area on the Ghosting page in the Camera Display property editor, set the number of Trail Subdivisions.

    The trail is drawn between the first and last ghost frames using the number of ghost frames and the Trail Subdivision value to sample the motion at regular intervals. A smooth curve is then drawn through the sample points. Higher settings make the trail more closely match the underlying motion, but take longer to compute.