A model’s surface appearance simulates the substance from which it is made, such as skin, cloth, wood, or metal. Light and shadow, and how these interact with models, also add a dimension of realism to the scene.

Applying materials, textures, and shaders to a model lets you modify its surface appearance using identifiable properties like color, pattern, and shine. They also let you create static shadows, cartoon outlines, and other special effects.

In most cases, you can see the results of materials, textures, and shaders in real time, without the need to render. In certain cases, the real-time result you see depends on which shaders and material settings you use.