Go to: Synopsis. Notes. Return value. Related. Flags. Python examples.
xform( [objects...] , [absolute=boolean], [boundingBox=boolean], [boundingBoxInvisible=boolean],
[centerPivots=boolean],
[deletePriorHistory=boolean],
[euler=boolean], [matrix=[float, float, float, float, float,
float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float,
float, float]], [objectSpace=boolean], [pivots=[linear, linear, linear]],
[preserve=boolean], [preserveUV=boolean], [reflection=boolean], [reflectionAboutBBox=boolean],
[reflectionAboutOrigin=boolean],
[reflectionAboutX=boolean],
[reflectionAboutY=boolean],
[reflectionAboutZ=boolean],
[reflectionTolerance=float],
[relative=boolean], [rotateAxis=[angle, angle, angle]],
[rotateOrder=string],
[rotatePivot=[linear, linear,
linear]], [rotateTranslation=[linear, linear,
linear]], [rotation=[angle,
angle, angle]], [scale=[float,
float, float]], [scalePivot=[linear, linear, linear]],
[scaleTranslation=[linear,
linear, linear]], [shear=[float,
float, float]], [translation=[linear, linear,
linear]], [worldSpace=boolean], [worldSpaceDistance=boolean],
[zeroTransformPivots=boolean])
Note: Strings representing object names and
arguments must be separated by commas. This is not depicted in the
synopsis.
xform is undoable, queryable, and NOT editable.
This command can be used query/set any element in a transformation
node. It can also be used to query some values that cannot be set
directly such as the transformation matrix or the bounding box. It
can also set both pivot points to convenient values. All values are
specified in transformation coordinates. (attribute-space) In
addition, the attributes are applied/returned in the order in which
they appear in the flags section. (which corresponds to the order
they appear in the transformation matrix as given below) See
also: move, rotate, scale
The transformation matrix for a node is built by post-multiplying
the following matrices in the given order (Note: rotations are
applied according to the rotation order parameter and the 6
different rotation possibilities are not shown below)
-1 -1
[M] = [sp]x[s]x[sh]x[sp]x[st]x[rp]x[ar]x[ro]x[rp]x[rt]x[t]
where:
[sp] = | 1 0 0 0 | = scale pivot matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| -spx -spy -spz 1 |
[s] = | sx 0 0 0 | = scale matrix
| 0 sy 0 0 |
| 0 0 sz 0 |
| 0 0 0 1 |
[sh] = | 1 0 0 0 | = shear matrix
| xy 1 0 0 |
| xz yz 1 0 |
| 0 0 0 1 |
-1
[sp] = | 1 0 0 0 | = scale pivot inverse matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| spx spy spz 1 |
[st] = | 1 0 0 0 | = scale translate matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| stx sty stz 1 |
[rp] = | 1 0 0 0 | = rotate pivot matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| -rpx -rpy -rpz 1 |
[ar] = | * * * 0 | = axis rotation matrix
| * * * 0 | (composite rotation,
| * * * 0 | see [rx], [ry], [rz]
| 0 0 0 1 | below for details)
[rx] = | 1 0 0 0 | = rotate X matrix
| 0 cos(x) sin(x) 0 |
| 0 -sin(x) cos(x) 0 |
| 0 0 0 1 |
[ry] = | cos(y) 0 -sin(y) 0 | = rotate Y matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| sin(y) 0 cos(y) 0 |
| 0 0 0 1 |
[rz] = | cos(z) sin(z) 0 0 | = rotate Z matrix
| -sin(z) cos(z) 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| 0 0 0 1 |
-1
[rp] = | 1 0 0 0 | = rotate pivot matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| rpx rpy rpz 1 |
[rt] = | 1 0 0 0 | = rotate translate matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| rtx rty rtz 1 |
[t] = | 1 0 0 0 | = translation matrix
| 0 1 0 0 |
| 0 0 1 0 |
| tx ty tz 1 |
None
In query mode, return type is based on queried flag.
move, rotate,
scale
absolute, boundingBox, boundingBoxInvisible, centerPivots, deletePriorHistory, euler, matrix, objectSpace, pivots, preserve,
preserveUV, reflection, reflectionAboutBBox, reflectionAboutOrigin, reflectionAboutX, reflectionAboutY, reflectionAboutZ, reflectionTolerance, relative, rotateAxis, rotateOrder, rotatePivot, rotateTranslation, rotation, scale,
scalePivot, scaleTranslation, shear, translation,
worldSpace, worldSpaceDistance, zeroTransformPivots
| Long name (short name) |
Argument types |
Properties |
absolute(a) |
boolean |
 |
|
perform absolute transformation (default) |
|
relative(r) |
boolean |
|
|
perform relative transformation |
|
euler(eu) |
boolean |
|
|
modifer for -relative flag that specifies rotation values
should be added to current XYZ rotation values. |
|
deletePriorHistory(dph) |
boolean |
|
|
If true then delete the construction history before the
operation is performed. |
|
objectSpace(os) |
boolean |
 |
|
treat values as object-space transformation values (only works
for pivots, translations, rotation, rotation axis, matrix, and
bounding box flags) |
|
worldSpace(ws) |
boolean |
|
|
(works for pivots, translations, rotation, rotation axis,
matrix, and bounding box flags). Note that, when querying the
scale, that this calculation is cumulative and is only valid if
there are all uniform scales and no rotation. In a hierarchy with
non-uniform scale and rotation, this value may not correspond
entirely with the perceived global scale. |
|
worldSpaceDistance(wd) |
boolean |
|
|
Values for -sp, -rp, -st, -rt, -t, -piv flags are treated as
world space distances to move along the local axis. (where the
local axis depends on whether the command is operating in
local-space or object-space. This flag has no effect for world
space. |
|
preserve(p) |
boolean |
|
|
preserve overall transformation. used to prevent object from
"jumping" when changing pivots or rotation order. the default value
is true. (used with -sp, -rp, -roo, -cp, -ra) |
|
scalePivot(sp) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
scale pivot point transformation (when used with the -p flag
the overall transformation is preserved by modifying the scale
translation) |
|
scale(s) |
[float, float, float] |
|
|
|
shear(sh) |
[float, float, float] |
|
|
shear transformation. The values represent the shear
<xy,xz,yz> |
|
scaleTranslation(st) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
|
rotatePivot(rp) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
rotate pivot point transformation (when used with the -p flag
the overall transformation is preserved by modifying the rotation
translation) |
|
rotateOrder(roo) |
string |
|
|
rotation order (when used with the -p flag the overall rotation
is preserved by modifying the local rotation to be quivalent to the
old one) Valid values for this flag are <xyz | yzx | zxy | xzy |
yxz | zyx> |
|
rotateAxis(ra) |
[angle, angle, angle] |
|
|
rotation axis orientation (when used with the -p flag the
overall rotation is preserved by modifying the rotation to
compensate for the axis rotation) |
|
rotation(ro) |
[angle, angle, angle] |
|
|
|
rotateTranslation(rt) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
|
translation(t) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
|
matrix(m) |
[float, float, float, float, float,
float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float, float,
float, float] |
|
|
Sets/returns the composite transformation matrix. *Note* the
matrix is represented by 16 double arguments that are specified in
row order. |
|
boundingBox(bb) |
boolean |
|
|
Returns the bounding box of an object. The values returned are
in the following order: xmin ymin zmin xmax ymax zmax. |
|
boundingBoxInvisible(bbi) |
boolean |
|
|
Returns the bounding box of an object. This includes the
bounding boxes of all invisible children which are not included
using the boundingBox flag. The values returned are in following
order: xmin ymin zmin xmax ymax zmax. |
|
pivots(piv) |
[linear, linear, linear] |
|
|
convenience method that changes both the rotate and scale
pivots simultaneously. (see -rp -sp flags for more info) |
|
preserveUV(puv) |
boolean |
|
|
When true, UV values on rotated components are projected across
the rotation in 3d space. For small edits, this will freeze the
world space texture mapping on the object. When false, the UV
values will not change for a selected vertices. Default is
false. |
|
reflection(rfl) |
boolean |
|
|
To move the corresponding symmetric components also. |
|
reflectionAboutOrigin(rao) |
boolean |
|
|
Sets the position of the reflection axis at the origin |
|
reflectionAboutBBox(rab) |
boolean |
|
|
Sets the position of the reflection axis at the geometry
bounding box |
|
reflectionAboutX(rax) |
boolean |
|
|
Specifies the X=0 as reflection plane |
|
reflectionAboutY(ray) |
boolean |
|
|
Specifies the Y=0 as reflection plane |
|
reflectionAboutZ(raz) |
boolean |
|
|
Specifies the Z=0 as reflection plane |
|
reflectionTolerance(rft) |
float |
|
|
Specifies the tolerance to findout the corresponding reflected
components |
|
centerPivots(cp) |
boolean |
|
|
Set pivot points to the center of the object's bounding box.
(see -p flag) |
|
zeroTransformPivots(ztp) |
boolean |
|
|
reset pivot points and pivot translations without changing the
overall matrix by applying these values into the translation
channel. |
|
| Flag can appear in Create mode of
command |
 Flag can appear in Edit mode of command |
| Flag can appear in Query mode of command |
 Flag can have multiple arguments, passed
either as a tuple or a list. |
import maya.cmds as cmds
# create object to manipulate
cmds.sphere( n='sphere1' )
# set rotation of sphere
cmds.xform( r=True, ro=(0, 90, 0) )
# change the rotate order but preserve the overall transformation
cmds.xform( p=True, roo='yzx' )